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The release of genetically engineered micro-organisms and viruses into the environment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 1998

GLYNIS GIDDINGS
GLYNIS GIDDINGS
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological Sciences, Cledwyn Building, The University of Wales Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DD, UK
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Abstract

This review considers the reasons for, and research governing, the regulation and monitoring of genetically engineered micro-organisms and viruses (GEMs) released into the environment. The hazards associated with releasing GEMs into the environment are the creation and evolution of new pests and diseases, and damage to the ecosystem and non target species. The similarities and differences between GEMs and conventional micro-organisms are discussed in relation to risk assessment. Other issues covered include the persistence of micro-organisms in the environment, transgene dispersal to non-engineered microbes and other organisms, the effects of transgenes and transformation on fitness, and the evolution of pests and pathogens that are given or acquire transgenes. Areas requiring further research are identified and recommendations for risk assessment made.

Keywords

Genetically engineered micro-organismsvirusesenvironmental releaseshazardspersistencegene transferevolutionnon-target species
Type
Tansley Review No. 99
Information
The New Phytologist , Volume 140 , Issue 2 , October 1998 , pp. 173 - 184
Copyright
© Trustees of New Phytologist 1998

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