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Dr Karl Marx, your Lordship

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

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In point of technique, the great triumph of the Wodehouse novels was in the use of first-person narrative. It is curious how little he in fact used the first person. As Usborne has noted, the novels consist of Laughing Gas (1936) which, involving a switch of personalities, really needs something like this, Love Among the Chickens (where Wodehouse was very nervous about it) and the Wooster-Jeeves cycle. The stories told by the Oldest Member, Mr Mulliner and the Drones Club Crumpet have very little action by the narrator: from time to time the Oldest Member plays a small part in one of his own stories (although on the only occasion when Mr Mulliner does so, to any degree, in ‘George and Alfred’, the result is poor). The Ukridge short stories give a good deal of action to Corky. The Reggie Pepper episodes brought out the weakness and strength of the technique. Wodehouse brooded on the problem when writing his first Jeeves novel:

By the way, it’s not all jam writing a story in the first person. The reader can know nothing except what Bertie tells him, and Bertie can know only a limited amount himself.

What he came to do was to capitalise on this, turning the novels into a series of shock discoveries, part thriller, part increase of psychological perceptions. Usborne very properly notes the great debt to Conan Doyle at this point (ibid., 152-3). The model is clearly The Hound of the Baskervilles, Doyle’s one unflawed Holmes novel. If Wodehouse learned from Moriarty that an absent Aunt Agatha could be far more effective than her presence, he also drew the lessons on how to keep the Holmes figure off-stage for much of the action, especially when the mysteries loomed darkest.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1976 Provincial Council of the English Province of the Order of Preachers

References

1 Wodehouse at Work, 152.

2 Wodehouse to Townend, 6 March 1932, Performing Flea, P, 73.

3 Code of the Woosters, P, 215‐23. Joy in the Morning, J, 87‐107. The Mating Season, P, 122‐22, 125‐26, 127‐70.

4 ‘The Love that Purifies’, World of Jeeves, ch. 28 (and indeed ibid., ch. 3). Jeeves in the Offing.

5 Code of the Woosters, P, 118. For Taylor, see bibliography to his English History 1914‐1945.

6 Orwell ‘Boys’ Weeklies' and Richards's reply in Orwell, Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters, edited Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus. (P) Vol. 1, pp 505‐540, especially pp 538‐39.

7 The Custody of the Pumpkin, ‘Lord Emsworth Acts for the Best’, ‘Pig Hoo‐o‐o‐o‐ey!’, ‘Company for Gertrude’, ‘The Go‐Getter’, ‘Lord Emsworth and the Girl Friend’.

8 Wodehouse to Townend, 27 July 1927, Performing Flea, P, 40.

9 Uncle Fred in the Springtime, Service with a Smile, A Pelican at Blandings (published 1969).

10 Orwell, ‘Wodehouse’, Collected Journalism.

11 E.g. ‘The Aunt and the Sluggard’, World of Jeeves, 140.

12 The Hon. Lancelot Threepwood's Millicent (Summer Lightning), Lady Jane's Angela (‘Pig Hoo‐o‐o‐o‐eyl’), Georgiana, Lady Alcester's Gertrude (‘Company for Gertrude’, ‘The Go‐Getter’), Lady Charlotte's Jane (The Crime Wave at Blandings'), Lady Dora Garland's Prudence and Lady Hermione Wedge's Veronica (Full Moon).

13 Joseph Keeble (Leave it to Psmith) and James Schoonmaker (Service with a Smile). Schoonmaker was ‘Johnny’ to the Hon. Galahad (Summer Lightning, J, 163‐64, 177, 179, 182).