No CrossRef data available.
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 February 2024
Ever since debate on the development process became popular it has been customary to frame the discussion largely in terms of the contrast between the underdeveloped societies (or, as they are now more tactfully described, the ‘less developed countries’) and the developed societies of the White North (capitalist and state capitalist). That these latter societies are industrially sophisticated and highly productive cannot be denied. Whether they are ‘developed’ in the sense many of the writers on global problems would use the word ‘developed’ is less certain.
Indeed if, as Pope Paul VI insisted, development ‘cannot be limited to mere economic growth’, if it ‘has to promote the good of every man and of the whole man’, we have to recognize that there are no developed societies. We have only the underdeveloped societies of the third world and the maldeveloped or overdeveloped societies of the White North. Or, perhaps, one global society in which the underdevelopment of the great majority of mankind is the price they have to pay for the overdevelopment of the affluent nations. Overdevelopment and underdevelopment are two sides of the same coin. When we read of Pope John Paul II beginning his recent American visit with an appeal to the American people to share their wealth with the rest of the world, this has to be borne in mind.
1 The accelerated pace of the transfer of wealth from the poor nations to the rich nations (i.e. this process of underdevelopment) is demonstrated by Clairmonte and Kavanagh in their paper on the ‘Third World Debt Crisis’ in IFDA Dossier 59 (Nyon) May/June 1987, pp. 43–50; they comment: ‘The net transfer of capital from the Third World to the rich countries rose from US$7 billion (1981) to US7 billion (1981) to US56 billion (1983) to US7 billion (1981) to US74 billion (1985). In 1985, new borrowing and rescheduling was US7 billion (1981) to US41 billion but debt servicing was far higher at US7 billion (1981) to US114 billion.’ p.45.
2 World Council of Churches To Break the Chains of Oppression (Geneva, 1975)Google Scholar.
3 Griffin, K. ‘Underdevelopment in History’ in Wilber, C.K. ed. The Economy of Development and Underdevelopment (New York, 1973)Google Scholar.
4 See, e.g., the Statistical Annex in Sivard, Leger, Ruth, World Military and Social Expenditures 1986 (Washington)Google Scholar.
5 Dumont, Rene & Mottin, Marie‐France ĽAfrique e'trangle'e (Paris, 1980)Google Scholar.
6 Goldsmith, Edward & Hildyard, Nicholas, eds. Green Britain or Industrial Wasteland? (Cambridge, 1986)Google Scholar.
7 Bellini, James High‐Tech Holocaust (Newton Abbot, 1986)Google Scholar.
8 World Council of Churches op. cit. Noam Chomsky comments ironically on the indignation of the wealthy industrial nations when the peoples of the third world, failing to understand this, ‘attempt to steal our resources that happen to be in their countries’. On Power and Ideology: the Managua Lectures (Boston, 1987)Google Scholar.
9 Worsley, P. The Third World (London, 1964)Google Scholar.
10 Fanon, Frantz The Wretched of the Earth (Harmondsworth, 1967)Google Scholar.
11 Dag Hammarskjöld What Now: Another Development: Report prepared on the occasion of the Seventh Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly (Uppsala, 1975).
12 For an account of the havoc wrought by the Society of Consumption see Pasolini, Pier Paolo Lutheran Letters trans. 1(Manchester, 1983)Google Scholar e.g. pp. 35–37. Pasolini mounts an even more devastating attack in his Ecrits corsaires (the French trans, of Scritti Corsari) published in Paris in 1976; see pp. 83–100, 225–228.
13 Dowd, D. ‘Stagflation’ in Monthly Review October 1976 (New York).
14 Mumford, Lewis The City in History (New York & Harmondsworth, 1961)Google Scholar.
15 Heilbroner, R. An Inquiry into the Human Prospect (London, 1975).Google Scholar
16 Myrdal, Jan Confessions of a Disloyal European (London, 1968)Google Scholar.
17 Saint‐Marc, P. Progrès ou déclin de ľhomme (Paris 1978)Google Scholar.
18 Murray, John C. Second Edition: The Case for Consensus’ in The Center Magazine, Vol II, No 5, 1969Google Scholar (Santa Barbara).
You have
Access