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Systems analysis of international law: a methodological inquiry*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 July 2009

A. Ch. Kiss  and
D. Shelton
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Extract

A scholar studying international law, as it is presented in the texts of international treaties and restatements of customary norms, could describe an ideal world. The United Nations Charter and other international instruments suggest a harmonious existence in which there is no use or threat of the use of force between States, where disarmament is complete, where international aid to developing countries enables them to satisfy the basic needs of their inhabitants, where international co-operation leads to social and cultural progress and where human rights are respected. Disputes over the application of rules of international law are settled by international tribunals or other peaceful means, and violations of law are sanctioned by the implementation of rules of State responsibility.

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Articles
Information
Netherlands Yearbook of International Law , Volume 17 , December 1986 , pp. 45 - 74
Copyright
Copyright © T.M.C. Asser Press 1986

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References

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41. According to Art. 300 of the Convention, signed on 10 December 1982, at Montego Bay: ‘States parties shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed under this Convention and shall exercise the rights, jurisdiction and freedoms recognized in this Convention in a manner which would not constitute an abuse of right.’

42. The principle prohibiting abuse of rights has been invoked by the District Court of Rotterdam in its final judgment in the proceedings against the Mines Domaniales d'Alsace (16 December 1983). See Lammers, J.G., Pollution of International Watercourses (1984) p. 201–205.Google Scholar

43. ICJ Rep. 1949 p. 22.

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50. See, e.g., Goldie, L.F.E., ‘A General View of International Environmental law: A Survey of Capabilities, Trends and Limits’, Hague Academy of International Law (1973) ColloquiumGoogle Scholar, The Protection of the Environment and International Law (1975) p. 36.Google Scholar

51. One may here recall Art. 9 of the Treaty on Outer Space, 27 January 1967, and Part XII of the LOS Convention.

52. Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, Bonn, 23 June 1979. UNEP, loc.cit. n. 45, p. 500.

53. Council Directive of 4 May 1976, OJ No. L 129, 18 May 1976, p. 23.

54. Kiss, A., ‘L'état du droit de l'environnement en 1981; problèmes et solutions’, 108 Clunet (1981) p. 511.Google Scholar

55. UNEP, loc.cit. n. 45, p. 235.

56. UNEP loc.cit. n. 45, pp. 266 and 283.

57. De Rosnay op.cit. n.1, p. 20.

58. Programme of Action of the European Communities on the Environment, 22 November 1973, (EC) OJ No. 112, 20 December 1973, p. 1.

59. E.g., Iran and China.

60. See as an example, Art. XV of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, Washington, 3 March 1973, UNEP loc.cit. n. 45, p. 289.

61. Inter-American Court of Human Rights, ‘The Effect of Reservations on the Entry into Force of the American Convention (Art. 74 and 75)’, Advisory Opinion OC-2/82 of 24 September 1982, OEA/Ser. L/V/III/O Doc 13 pp., 42 and 29.