Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T13:18:45.543Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mission impossible in Cyprus? Legitimate return to the partnership state revisited

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Eiki Berg  and
Raul Toomla
Eiki Berg*
Affiliation:
Institute of International Relations, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
Raul Toomla
Affiliation:
Institute of Government and Politics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
*
∗Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Cyprus has been divided for far longer than it has been united. There have been many attempts to reconcile conflicting parties but without remarkable success. The two communities — Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots — see the solution to the “Cyprus problem” in opposite terms. Although recent public opinion surveys have concluded that the most preferred option for the Turkish Cypriots would be “independence of the TRNC” and “reunification of the country”, for the Greek Cypriots, there is much less information about the legitimacy of these competing regimes and their respective claims. This paper seeks to fill this gap by identifying different legitimacy sources and their effect on the course of conflict settlement. Somewhat paradoxically it appears that those most strongly identifying themselves with the Republic of Cyprus, and approving the regime legitimacy of the Greek Cypriot government, are actually for status quo and not for the reunification of the country which makes the return to the partnership state mission impossible.

Keywords

Cypruspartnership stateconflict settlementlegitimacypublic opinion
Type
Articles
Information
Nationalities Papers , Volume 41 , Issue 2 , March 2013 , pp. 276 - 292
Copyright
Copyright © 2013 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arvan, Marcus. 2009. “In Defense of Discretionary Association Theories of Political Legitimacy: Reply to Buchanan.” Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy, May: 1–5.Google Scholar
Bahcheli, Tozun. 2004. “Under Turkey's Wings: The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, the Struggle for International Acceptance.” In De Facto States: The Quest for Sovereignty, edited by Bahcheli et al, Tozun, 164–186. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Beetham, David. 1991. The Legitimisation of Power. Basingstoke: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Berg, Eiki. 2012. “Parent States versus Secessionist Entities: Measuring Political Legitimacy in Cyprus, Moldova, and Bosnia and Herzegovina.” Europe-Asia Studies 64 (7): 1271–1296.Google Scholar
Brinkerhoff, Derick W. 2005. “Rebuilding Governance in Failed States and Post-conflict Societies: Core Concepts and Cross-Cutting Themes.” Public Administration and Development 25: 3–14.Google Scholar
BRT. “Egemen Bağış: Partnership State before July 2012.” 25 November 2011. Accessed June 14, 2012. http://www.brtk.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=36724:partnership-state-before-july-2012&catid=5:kktc&Itemid=28.Google Scholar
Coicaud, Jean-Marc. 2002. Legitimacy and Politics: A Contribution to the Study of Political Right and Political Responsibility. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Conflict and Fragility. 2010. The State's Legitimacy in Fragile Situations: Unpacking Complexity. OECD. http://www.oecd.org/development/conflictandfragility/44794487.pdf.Google Scholar
Constantinou, Costas. 2008. “On the Cypriot States of Exception.” International Political Sociology 2, No. 2: 145–164.Google Scholar
Cyprus News Agency. Address to Cypriots by President of the Republic Tassos Papadopoulos, 7 April 2004, regarding the referendum of 24 April 2004. Accessed September 18, 2012. http://www.hri.org/news/cyprus/cna/2004/04–04–08.cna.html#02.Google Scholar
Declaration of Independence by Turkish Cypriot Parliament on 15 November 1983, TRNC Public Information Office. Accessed September 18, 2012. http://www.atcanews.org/archive/declarationofindependence.pdf.Google Scholar
Diez, Thomas, ed. 2002. The European Union and the Cyprus Conflict: Modern Conflict, Postmodern Union. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Diez, Thomas, and Tocci, Nathalie, eds. 2009. Cyprus: A Conflict at the Crossroads. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
Dodd, Clement H. 1993. “From Federated State to Republic 1975–84.” In The Political, Social and Economic Development of Northern Cyprus, edited by Dodd, Clement H., 103–135. Huntingdon: The Eothen Press.Google Scholar
Easton, David. 1975. “A Reassessment of the Concept of Political Support.” British Journal of Political Science 5: 435–457.Google Scholar
Francois, Monika, and Inder, Sud. 2006. “Promoting Stability and Development in Fragile and Failed States.” Development Policy Review 24 (2): 141–160.Google Scholar
Fuchs, Dieter, et al. 1995. “Support for the Democratic System.” In Citizens and the State, edited by Klingemann, Hans-Dieter and Fuchs, Dieter, 323–353. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gilley, Bruce. 2005. “Political Legitimacy in Malaysia: Regime Performance in the Asian Context.” In Legitimacy: Ambiguities of Political Success or Failure in East and Southeast Asia, edited by White, Lynn, 29–66. Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Gilley, Bruce. 2006. “The Meaning and Measure of State Legitimacy: Results for 72 Countries.” European Journal of Political Research 45: 499–525.Google Scholar
Grafstein, Robert. 1981. “The Failure of Weber's Conception of Legitimacy: Its Causes and Implications.” Journal of Politics 43 (2): 456–472.Google Scholar
Groom, A. J. R. 1993. “The Process of Negotiation 1974–1993.” In The Political, Social and Economic Development of Northern Cyprus, edited by Henry Dodd, Clement, 15–45. Huntingdon: The Eothen Press.Google Scholar
Hansen, Annika S. 1997. “Political Legitimacy, Confidence-building and the Dayton Peace Agreement.” International Peacekeeping 4 (2): 74–90.Google Scholar
Kaymak, Erol, Lordos, Alexandras, and Tocci, Nathalie. 2008. Building Confidence in Peace: Public Opinion and the Cyprus Peace Process. Brussels: Centre for European Policy Studies.Google Scholar
Kostovicova, Denisa. 2008. “Legitimacy and International Administration: The Ahtisaari Settlement for Kosovo from a Human Security Perspective.” International Peacekeeping 15 (5): 631–647.Google Scholar
Kyle, Keith. 1997. “Cyprus: In Search of Peace.” Minority Rights Group International 3.Google Scholar
Lacher, Hannes, and Kaymak, Erol. 2005. “Transforming Identities: Beyond the Politics of Non-Settlement in North Cyprus.” Mediterranean Politics 10 (2): 147–166.Google Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1959. “Some Social Requisites of Democracy, Economic Development and Political Legitimacy.” American Political Science Review 53 (1): 69–105.Google Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1993. “A Comparative Analysis of the Social Requisites of Democracy.” International Social Science Journal 135 (2): 155–175.Google Scholar
Norris, Pippa, ed. 1999. Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Obradovic, Daniela. 1996. “Policy Legitimacy and the European Union.” Journal of Common Market Studies 34 (2): 191–221.Google Scholar
Papadakis, Yiannis, Peristianis, Nicos, and Welz, Gisela. 2006. Divided Cyprus: Modernity, History, and an Island in Conflict. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Parkinson, John. 2003. “Legitimacy Problems in Deliberative Democracy.” Political Studies 51 (1): 180–196.Google Scholar
Philpott, Daniel. 1995. “In Defense of Self-Determination.” Ethics 105 (2): 352–385.Google Scholar
Rothstein, Bo. 2009. “Creating Political Legitimacy: Electoral Democracy vs. Quality of Government.” American Behavioral Scientist 53 (3): 311–330.Google Scholar
Sakamoto, Takayuki. 2005. “Policy Legitimacy as a Determinant of Policy Outputs: Japan's Case.” In Legitimacy: Ambiguities of Political Success or Failure in East and Southeast Asia, edited by White, Lynn, 253–299. Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Scharpf, Fritz. 1999. Governing in Europe: Effective and Democratic? Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tamkoc, Metin. 1988. The Turkish Cypriot State: The Embodiment of the Right of Self-Determination. London: K. Rustem and Brothers.Google Scholar
Tocci, Nathalie. 2004. EU Accession Dynamics and Conflict Resolution: Catalysing Peace or Consolidating Partition in Cyprus?. Aldershot: Ashgate.Google Scholar
February-June, UNIFCYP. The UN in Cyprus: An Inter-communal Survey of Public Opinion by UNIFCYP. 2007. Accessed June 14, 2012. www.unficyp.org/media/Survey_24_04_2007_ENG.pdf.Google Scholar
Weatherford, M. Stephen. 1992. “Measuring Political Legitimacy.” American Political Science Review 86 (1): 149–166.Google Scholar
Weber, Max. 1978. Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Yang, David Dahua. 2005. “The Basis of Political Legitimacy in Late-Authoritarian Taiwan.” In Legitimacy: Ambiguities of Political Success or Failure in East and Southeast Asia, edited by White, Lynn. Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar