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Microfoundations of Threat and Security Perceptions in Ethnically Diverse States: Lessons from Russia’s “Near Abroad”

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 December 2022

Juris Pupcenoks Open the ORCID record for Juris Pupcenoks [Opens in a new window] ,
Toms Rostoks  and
Inta Mieriņa
Juris Pupcenoks*
Affiliation:
Marist College, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA
Toms Rostoks
Affiliation:
National Defence Academy of Latvia, Riga
Inta Mieriņa
Affiliation:
Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Riga
*
Corresponding author: Juris Pupcenoks, email: [email protected]
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Abstract

What factors influence the formation of threat perception among the masses? Can the public perceive that external threats exist yet also feel safe? This article investigates both how threat perceptions form, as well as what factors influence security perceptions, in ethnically diverse countries and societies. While drawing on data from two nationally representative surveys, this article inquires to what extent the views of the government and society align regarding whether Russia represents a security threat to Latvia. We find that the determinants of threat and security perceptions differ. Above all else, the views of our respondents are shaped by their ethnic identities and regional effects. Consumption of different forms of media also influence threat perception. Perceived asymmetry of power is an additional important variable shaping security perception. Importantly, there is a correlation between seeing Russia as a security threat and Russophobia or fear of Russians living in Latvia. Overall, this article demonstrates that threat perceptions differ between Russian-speakers and Latvians, shows that it is important to differentiate between perceptions of threat and security, and identifies key explanatory variables influencing development of these perceptions in ethnically diverse societies.

Keywords

Balticsethnicityminoritiesforeign policyethnic conflict
Type
Article
Information
Nationalities Papers , Volume 52 , Issue 1 , January 2024 , pp. 120 - 145
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Association for the Study of Nationalities

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