Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-01T08:48:37.802Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Political Order, Identity, and Security in Multinational, Multi-Religious Russia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

James W. Warhola  and
Alex Lehning
James W. Warhola
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, University of Maine, USA. Email: james_warhola@[email protected]
Alex Lehning
Affiliation:
Department of History, [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The basis of a civil nation is common goals, common values, trust in the government, and the understanding that the government serves us. The main task of the people [now] is to avoid military service, taxes, and the authorities in general. Under such conditions, it is impossible to form a civil political nation.

Type
Articles
Information
Nationalities Papers , Volume 35 , Issue 5 , November 2007 , pp. 933 - 957
Copyright
Copyright © 2007 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arukhov, Zagir. “The Politicization of Ethnic and Religious Identity in Dagestan.” In Religion and Identity in Modern Russia: The Revival of Orthodoxy and Islam, edited by Johnson, Juliet, Stepaniants, Marietta and Forest, Benjamin. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005.Google Scholar
Baker, Ernest. trs. ed. “The Politics of Aristotle: Book III: The Theory of Citizenship and Constitutions,” Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.Google Scholar
Bransten, Jeremy. “Unholy Alliance? Nationalism and the Orthodox Church,” RFE/RL, 26 October 2004, <http://www.rferl.org/specials/religion/archive/orthodox-1.asp>..>Google Scholar
Bransten, Jeremy. “Russia: New Public Chamber Criticized as ‘Smokescreen,’” RFE/RL, 17 March 2005, <http://www.cdi.org/russia/346-5.cfm> (accessed 18 March 2005).+(accessed+18+March+2005).>Google Scholar
Buel, Meredith. “Analyst Predicts Muslim Majority in Russia within 30 Years.” Voice of America News, 28 February 2006.Google Scholar
Coalson, Robert. “Analysis: Kremlin's Reaction: Stay the Course,” RFE/RL, 10 September 2004.Google Scholar
Cornell, Svante. “Autonomy as a Source of Conflict: Caucasian Conflicts in Theoretical Perspective.” World Politics 54, no. 2 (2002): 245–24.Google Scholar
Fagan, Geraldine. “Russia: Religious Freedom Survey: February 2005.” Forum 18 News Service, 14 February 2005.Google Scholar
Franklin, Simon, and Widdis, Emma, eds. National Identity in Russian Culture: An Introduction. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Fuller, Liz. “North Caucasus: No Clear Strategy in the Region,” RFE/RL, 2 October 2005.Google Scholar
Fuller, Liz, and Corwin, Julie. “Analysis: Putin Reinvents the North Caucasus Wheel,” RFE/RL, 14 September 2004.Google Scholar
Furman, Dmitry and Kaariainen, Kummo. “Religioznaya Stabilizatsia: Otnosheniye k Religii v Sovremmenoi Rossii.” Svobodnaya Mysl' 7, no. 1533 (2003): 18–32.Google Scholar
Glinski, Dmitri. “Russia and its Muslims: The Politics of Identity at the International–Domestic Frontier.” East European Constitutional Review 11, nos. 1/2 (2002): 72–83.Google Scholar
Goble, Paul. “Russia: A Three-Way Struggle for Chechen Islam,” RFE/RL, 22 August 2005.Google Scholar
Gorodetskaya, Natalia. “The Russian People Consolidate,” Kommersant, 11 October 2005.Google Scholar
Gvosdev, Nikolas K. “‘Managed Pluralism’ and Civil Religion in Post-Soviet Russia.” In Civil Society and the Search for Justice in Russia, edited by Marsh, Christopher and Gvosdev, Nikolas K. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2002.Google Scholar
Hammond, Ross A., and Axelrod, Robert. “The Evolution of Ethnocentrism.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 50, no. 6 (2006): 926–92.Google Scholar
Hellman, Wendy, ed. The Russian Idea: In Search of the New Identity. Bloomington, IN: Slavica, 2004.Google Scholar
Hertog, Katrien. “A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy: The Seeds of Islamic Radicalisation in Chechnya.” Religion, State, & Society 33, no. 3 (2005): 239–23.Google Scholar
Hunter, Shireen. “Focus on the Russian Federation.” CSIS Briefing Notes on Islam, Society, and Politics 5, no. 1 (2002): 1–11.Google Scholar
Hunter, Shireen T. with Jeffrey Thomas, and Alexander Melikishvili. Islam in Russia: The Politics of Identity and Security. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2004.Google Scholar
Interfax, “Putin Lays Down Conditions for Dialogue with Chechen Opposition.” 5 February 2006, <http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/2006-37-25.cfm> (accessed 20 February 2006).+(accessed+20+February+2006).>Google Scholar
Johnson, Juliet, Stepaniants, Marietta, and Forest, Benjamin. Religion and Identity in Modern Russia: The Revival of Orthodoxy and Islam. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2005.Google Scholar
Johnson, Lena, and Esenov, Murad, eds. Political Islam and Conflicts in Russia and Central Asia. Stockholm: CA & CC Press, 1999, <http://www.ca-c.org/dataeng/00.political_islam_and_conflicts.shtml (accessed 5 May 2006).Google Scholar
King, Charles. “The Benefits of Ethnic War: Understanding Eurasia's Unrecognized States.” World Politics 53, no. 4 (2001): 524–52.Google Scholar
Knox, Zoe. Russian Society and the Orthodox Church: Religion in Russia after Communism. New York and London: Routledge, 2005.Google Scholar
Kostiuk, K. N. “Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Tser'kov I Obshchestvo: Nravstvennoye Sotrudnichestvo ili Eticheskii Konflict?” POLIS [Politicheskiye Issledovaniye], no. 1 (2002): 105–10.Google Scholar
Krindatch, Alexey D. “Patterns of Religious Change in Post Soviet Russia: Major Trends from 1998 to 2003.” Religion, State, & Society 32, no. 2 (2004): 115–11.Google Scholar
Lych, Allen C. How Russia is Not Ruled: Reflections on Russian Political Development. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Lynch, Dov. Engaging Eurasia's Separatist States: Unresolved Conflicts and De Facto States. Washington, DC: US Institute for Peace, 2004.Google Scholar
Magomedov, Arbakhan. “Official Islam Plays Destructive Role at the Local Level.” Russian Regional Report 10, no. 13 (27 July 2005): 1–2.Google Scholar
Malashenko, Alexey. Islamskie Orientiry Severnogo Kavkaza. Moscow: Carnegie Moscow Center, 2001.Google Scholar
Malashenko, Alexey. “Does Islamic Fundamentalism Exist in Russia?” In Muslim Eurasia: Conflicting Legacies, edited by Ro'i., Yaacov London: Frank Cass, 1995.Google Scholar
Malashenko, Alexey. “Muslims in Russia: A Complex Picture.” Frontier, no. 2 (2003): 24–26.Google Scholar
Markedonov, Sergei. “The Truth about Wahabbis.” Russia Profile III, no. 4 (2006): 27–28.Google Scholar
Marsh, Christopher, and Froese, Paul. “The State of Freedom in Russia: A Religious Analysis of Freedom of Religion, Media, and Markets.” Religion, State, & Society 32, no. 2 (2004): 137–13.Google Scholar
Matveeva, Anna. “The Islamist Challenge in Post-Soviet Eurasia.” In Political Islam and Conflicts in Russia and Central Asia, edited by Johnson, Lena and Esenov, Murad, <http://www.ca-c.org/dataeng/00.political_islam_and_conflicts.shtml>..>Google Scholar
Medetsky, Anatoly. “Putin Gives Public Chamber a Warning.” Moscow Times, 23 January 2006, http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/2006-22-7.cfm> (accessed 30 January 2006).+(accessed+30+January+2006).>Google Scholar
Mite, Valentinas. “Russia: Orthodox Church States it Case for More Involvement in Foreign, Domestic Policies,” RFE/RL, 6 February 2004.Google Scholar
Mite, Valentinas. “Russia: Orthodox Church Discusses Morality and Human Rights,” RFE/RL, 5 April 2006.Google Scholar
Mite, Valentinas. “Russia: UN Draft Resolution Seen to Target Estonia, Latvia,” RFE/RL, 8 November 2006.Google Scholar
Mukhametsin, Rafik. “Russia's Islamic Face: Two Areas, Each with its Own Local Characteristics.” Russia Profile III, no. 4 (2006): 18–20.Google Scholar
O'Loughlin, John, and Talbot, Paul F., “Where in the World is Russia? Geopolitical Perceptions and Preferences of Ordinary Russians.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 46, no. 1 (2005): 23–50.Google Scholar
Pain, Emil. “Will Russia Transform into a Nationalist Empire?” Russia in Global Affairs 3, no. 2 (April–June 2005), <http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/docs/2005_english2.pdf>..>Google Scholar
Parsons, R. “New Bill on National Identity Generating Protests,” RFE/RL, 10 March 2006.Google Scholar
Parsons, R. “Russia: Muslims Oppose Bill to Add Chaplains to Army,” RFE/RL, 17 March 2006.Google Scholar
Petro, Nicolai. “Russian NGO Legislation is a Step in the Right Direction.” Johnson's Russia List (no. 7—JRL 9316), <www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/9319-7.cfm> (accessed 9 December 2005).+(accessed+9+December+2005).>Google Scholar
Peuch, Jean-Christophe. “Russia: North Caucasus Republics Enter Circle of Violence,” RFE/RL, 23 February 2005.Google Scholar
Posner, D. N. Institutions and Ethnic Politics in Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Ro'i, Yaacov. Islam in the Soviet Union: From the Second World War to Gorbachev. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Roy, Olivier. “EuroIslam: The Jihad Within?” The National Interest 71 (Spring 2003): 63–74.Google Scholar
Russian Analytical Digest. “Terror-Related Incidents in the North Caucasus (September 2004–August 2006).” Bremen, Germany: Research Centre for East European Studies, 29 August 2006.Google Scholar
Rywkin, Michael. Moscow's Muslim Challenge: Soviet Central Asia. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1982.Google Scholar
Ryzhova, Svetlana. “Tolerance and Extremism: Russian Ethnicity in the Orthodox Discourse of the 1990s.” In Religion and Identity in Modern Russia: The Revival of Orthodoxy and Islam, edited by Johnson, Juliet, Stepaniants, Marietta and Forest, Benjamin. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005.Google Scholar
Sindelar, Daisy. “2004 and Beyond: In Russia, Tragedy Furthers Kremlin Vision of Centralized State.” RFE/RL, 17 December 2004.Google Scholar
Smirnov, Andrei. “The Kremlin's New Strategy to Build a Pro-Russian Islamic Chechnya.” Eurasia Daily Monitor, 6 March 2006.Google Scholar
Smirnov, Andrei. “Moscow Cracks Down on Independent Muslim Organizations.” Eurasia Daily Monitor 2, no. 61, 31 March 2005.Google Scholar
Surkov, Vlacheslav. “Narod Dol'zhen Znat’ Kuda my idyem i zachem.” Izvestiya, 31 August 2006; http://www.izvestia.ru/politic/article3096139/?print>..>Google Scholar
Thomas, Jeffrey. “Russia's Evolving Political System: The Impact of Muslim Minorities’ Drive for Self-Determination.” Briefing Notes on Islam, Society, and Politics 5, no. 1 (2002): 14–23.Google Scholar
Tishkov, Valery. Chechnya: Life in a War-Torn Society. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Trenin, Dmitri V., and Malashenko, Alexey V. Russia's Restless Frontier: The Chechnya Factor in Post-Soviet Russia. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.Google Scholar
Tsetkov, Oleg. “Ethnic Russians Flee the North Caucasus.” Russian Analytical Digest, 3 October 2006: 9–13.Google Scholar
Uzzell, Lawrence. “Bringing Muslims in from the cold.” International Religious Freedom Watch, 20 September 2005.Google Scholar
Vershovsky, Alex et al. Demokratiya Vertikali. Moscow: SOVA Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Walker, Shaun. “Uniting Instead of Dividing.” Interview of Umar Idrisov (Chairman of the Religious Board of Muslims, Nizhny Novgorod Region). Russia Profile 3, no. 4 (2006): 20–22.Google Scholar
Yemelianova, Galina M. Russia and Islam: A Historical Survey. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2002.Google Scholar
Yunosova, Aislu. “Islam between the Volga River and the Ural Mountains.” In Political Islam and Conflicts in Russia and Central Asia, edited by Johnson, Lena and Esenov, Murad. Stockholm: CA & CC Press, 1999, <http://www.ca-c.org/dataeng/07.yunosova.shtml> (accessed 5 May 2006).+(accessed+5+May+2006).>Google Scholar
Zolotov, Andre. “Moscow's Patriarch Accuses West of Double Standards over Chechnya.” Christianity Today, 1 April 2000, <http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2000/aprilwebonly/44.0a.html> (accessed 1 May 2007).+(accessed+1+May+2007).>Google Scholar