Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T04:49:17.590Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Polish-Lithuanian borderlands, past and present: multicultural versus decolonial responses to local and state violence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Janine Holc*
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA

Abstract

This article presents the case of the Suwałki Triangle region on the current Polish-Lithuanian border to demonstrate how local activists developed a “multicultural” interpretation of social relations to counter previously dominant nationalist narratives. It then contrasts this interpretation with a “decoloniality” framework to illustrate the limits of the multicultural approach. Decoloniality, developed by Walter Mignolo to theorize about Latin American historical experiences, finds continued hierarchies in the apparently plural social landscape, situates identity as a fluid response to these hierarchies, and privileges voices that are “delinked” from them. Decoloniality may explain the complex borderland identifications of the Suwałki Triangle – and potentially other territorialized communities – better than multiculturalism.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahmed, Sara. 2016. “Interview with Judith Butler.” Sexualities 19 (4): 482492.Google Scholar
Balzer, Marjorie Mandelstam. 1999. The Tenacity of Ethnicity: A Siberian Saga in Global Perspective. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Barton, Omar. 2007. Erased: Vanishing Traces of Jewish Galicia in Present-Day Ukraine. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bartov, Omer, and Weitz, Eric D., eds. 2013. Shatterzone of Empires: Coexistence and Violence in the German, Habsburg, Russian and Ottoman Borderlands. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Bemporad, Elissa. 2013. Becoming Soviet Jews: The Bolshevik Experiment in Minsk. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Blobaum, Robert. 1990. “Toleration and Ethno-Religious Strife: The Struggle Between Catholics and Orthodox Christians in the Chelm Region of Russian Poland, 1904–1906.” The Polish Review 35 (2): 111124.Google Scholar
Brenner, Harold. 1997. Interview 27439. Visual History Archive. USC Shoah Foundation Institute. Accessed online at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum on October 16, 2015.Google Scholar
Brown, Kate. 2003. A Biography of No Place: From Ethnic Heartland to Soviet Borderland. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Buchowski, Stanisłtaw, n.d. “Powstanie Sejneńskie.” Accessed December 20, 2016. http://www.muzeum.sejny.pl/s/powstanie-sejnenskie.Google Scholar
Carey, Henry, and Raciborski, Rafal. 2004. “Postcolonialism: A Valid Paradigm for the Former Sovietized States and Yugoslavia?East European Politics and Societies 18 (2): 191–135.Google Scholar
Cavanagh, Claire. 2004. “Postcolonial Poland.” Common Knowledge 10 (1): 8292.Google Scholar
Connolly, William. 1995. The Ethos of Pluralization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Czyzewski, Krzysztof. 2014. “The Culture of Coexistence in the Longue Durée: On Practicing the Ethos of the Borderland.” In Reconciliation in Bloodlands: Assessing Action and Outcomes in Contemporary Central-Eastern Europe, edited by Kurczewski, Jacek, 301311. Bern: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Dahl, Robert. 1971. Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Diener, Alexander C., and Hagen, Joshua, eds. 2010. Borderlines and Borderlands: Political Oddities at the Edge of the Nation State. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Dolbilov, Mikhail. 2010. Russkii krai, chuzhaia vera: etnokonfessional'naia politika imperii v Litve i Belorusii pri Aleksandr II. Moscow: Novoe Literaturnoe Obozrenie.Google Scholar
Fábián, Katalin. 2009. Contemporary Women's Movements in Hungary. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Fanon, Frantz. [1961] 2004. The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Fink, Carole. 2004. Defending the Rights of Others: The Great Powers, the Jews, and International Minority Protection, 1878–1938. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Furmansky, Max. 1988. Through the Holocaust. Self-published.Google Scholar
Galston, William. 2002. Liberal Pluralism: The Implications of Value Pluralism for Political Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Galston, William. 2005. The Practice of Liberal Pluralism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gawerc, Michelle. 2012. Prefiguring Peace: Israeli-Palestinian Peacebuilding Partnerships. Latham: Lexington.Google Scholar
Gerasimov, Ilya, and Marina, Mogilner. 2015. “Deconstructing Integration: Ukraine's Postcolonial Subjectivity.” Slavic Review 74 (4): 715722.Google Scholar
Statystyczny, Głtówny Urzad. 2016. Rocznik Demograficzny 2016. Warszawa: GUS.Google Scholar
Grabowski, Jan. 2013. Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in Nazi-Occupied Poland. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Gross, Jan T. 2014. “A Colonial History of the Bloodlands.” Kritika 15 (3): 591596.Google Scholar
Harrison, Rodney. 2013. Heritage: Critical Approaches. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hirsch, Marianne, and Spitzer, Leo. 2010. Ghosts of Home: The Afterlife of Czernowitz in Jewish Memory. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Hochschild, Adam. 1998. King Leopold's Ghost. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Kagan, Berl. 1961. Memorial Book of Suvalk/Yisker Bukh Suvalk. Accessed December 20, 2016. http://www.jewishgen.org/Yizkor/Suwałki1/Suwałki1.html.Google Scholar
Kamusella, Tomasz. 2013. “Germanization, Polonization, and Russification in the Partitioned Lands of Poland-Lithuania.” Nationalities Papers 41 (5): 815838.Google Scholar
Kapralski, Slawomir. 2012. Naród z popiołtów: pamięć zaglady a tożsamość Romów. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.Google Scholar
Kauffman, Jesse. 2015. Elusive Alliance: The German Occupation of Poland in World War I. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Kymlicka, Will. 1996. Multicultural Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lehrer, Erica T. 2013. Jewish Poland Revisited: Heritage Tourism in Unquiet Places. Bloomington: University of Indiana Press.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1999. Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Łtossowski, Piotr. 1996. Konflikt polsko-litewski, 1918–1920. Warsaw: Książka i Wiedza.Google Scholar
Łtossowski, Piotr. 1997. Stosunki polsko-litewskie 1921–1939. Warsaw: Instytut Historii PAN.Google Scholar
McEntire, Kyla Jo, Leiby, Michele, and Krain, Matthew. 2015. “Human Rights Organizations as Agents of Change: An Experimental Examination of Framing and Micromobilization.” American Political Science Review 109 (3): 407426.Google Scholar
Meng, Michael. 2011. Shattered Spaces: Encountering Jewish Sites in Postwar Germany and Poland. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Michlic, Joanna Beata. 2014. “‘The Many Faces of Memories:‘ How Do Jews and the Holocaust Matter in Postcommunist Poland?” In Lessons and Legacies XI, 144179. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.Google Scholar
Mignolo, Walter D. 2000. Local Histories/Global Designs: Coloniality, Subaltern Knowledges, and Border Thinking. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Mignolo, Walter D. 2011. “Crossing Gazes and the Silence of the ‘Indians’: Theodor De Bry and Guaman Poma de Ayala.” Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 41 (1): 173223.Google Scholar
Parekh, Bhikhu. [2000] 2006. Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Pasieka, Agnieszka. 2014. “Neighbors: About the Multiculturalization of the Polish Past.” East European Politics and Societies 28 (1): 225251.Google Scholar
Pasieka, Agnieszka. 2016. “Reenacting Ethnic Cleansing: People's History and Elitist Nationalism in Contemporary Poland.” Nations and Nationalism 22 (1): 6383.Google Scholar
Pettai, Eva-Clarita. 2011. Memory and Pluralism in the Baltic States. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Redlich, Shimon. 2002. Together and Apart in Brzezany: Poles, Jews, and Ukrainians, 1919–1945. Bloomington: University of Indiana Press.Google Scholar
Rusinko, Elaine. 2003. Straddling Borders: Literature and Identity in Subcarpathian Rus'. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Said, Edward. 1978. Orientalism. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Snochowska-Gonzalez, Claudia. 2010. “Postcolonial Poland – On an Unavoidable Misuse.” East European Politics and Societies 26 (4): 708723.Google Scholar
Song, Sarah. 2007. Justice, Gender, and the Politics of Multiculturalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Staliūnas, Darius. 2007. Making Russians: Meaning and Practice of Russification in Lithuania and Belarus After 1863. Amsterdam: Rodopi.Google Scholar
Statut Sejneńskiego Towarzystwa Opieki nad Zabytkami w Sejnach. 2010. [updated 2016]. Accessed December 20, 2016. www.muzeum.sejny.pl.Google Scholar
Stauter-Halsted, Keely. 2001. The Nation in the Village: The Genesis of Rural National Identity in Austrian Poland, 1848–1900. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Stražas, A. S. 1996. “Lithuania 1863–1893: Tsarist Russification and the Beginnings of the Modern Lithuanian National Movement.” Lituanus: Lithuanian Quarterly Journal of Arts and Sciences 42 (3), n.p. Accessed December 20, 2016. http://www.lituanus.org/1996/96_3_03.htm.Google Scholar
Szroeder, Bożeny. 2001. Kroniki sejnenskie. Sejny: Pogranicze Sejny.Google Scholar
Todorov, Tzvetzan. [1984] 1999. The Conquest of America: The Question of the Other. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Werth, Paul W. 2014. The Tsar's Foreign Faiths: Toleration and the Fate of Religious Freedom in Imperial Russia. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wortman, Richard S. 1995a. Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy. Vol. 1. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Wortman, Richard S. 1995b. Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy. Vol. 2. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Young, Iris Marion. 2000. Inclusion and Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar