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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 March 2020
This paper reviews three UK-based welfare-to-work programmes featuring time-limited financial incentives to leave out-of-work benefits for employment. The policies considered are (i) the Employment Retention and Advancement demonstration, aimed at lone parents and the long-term unemployed; (ii) In-Work Credit, aimed at lone parents on welfare; (iii) Pathways to Work, aimed at recipients of incapacity benefits. I illustrate the difficulties in extrapolating from specific findings to general policy-relevant conclusions. Finally, I depict the challenge facing evaluators in future and point to the directions in which evaluation will need to develop if it is to contribute more fully to policy-relevant evaluation.
Support from the ESRC Centre for Microeconomic Analysis of Public Policy at the Institute for Fiscal Studies is gratefully acknowledged. The author is grateful to Mike Brewer and anonymous referees for comments and suggestions, and to colleagues at the IFS whose joint work is cited in this paper. All inaccuracies or errors that remain are the author's responsibility. Any views articulated in this article are those of the author, not the IFS.
JEL Classifications: C21; H21; H53; I38; J22; J68