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Net Trade: A Note on Measuring Changes in the Competitiveness of British Industry in Foreign Trade

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2020

L.F. Campbell-Boross
Affiliation:
National Institute of Economic and Social Research
Ann D. Morgan
Affiliation:
National Institute of Economic and Social Research

Extract

Britain has traditionally been a large net importer of basic foodstuffs, raw materials and fuels, the resulting deficit being covered by net exports of manufactures and by invisible earnings. The net export position in manufactures was the result of both large exports and very small imports. Since the war, however, and more especially during the 1960s, there has been a radical change. British exports of manufactured goods have lagged behind the growth of world exports, while imports of manufactures have risen extremely rapidly. Between 1963 and 1972, almost three quarters of the rise in visible imports, measured in balance of payments terms, is attributable to manufactured goods. Thus net exports of manufactures have barely risen in absolute terms, and their size in relation to total exports of manufactured goods has diminished sharply.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 1974 National Institute of Economic and Social Research

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References

page 77 note (1) NEDO Monograph No. 2, April 1971.

page 77 note (2) The method could also be used for detailed inter-country comparisons, subject to securing adequately consistent data.

page 79 note (1) On the other hand, we can claim that C tends to show the same pattern of competitiveness for various industries as that shown by another and hitherto more widely-used indicator— the ratio of an industry's share in world exports to the exporting country's share in total world exports. Panić and Rajan found a significant rank correlation between market share ratios and net trade by SITC 3-digit groups for all the countries covered in their study.

page 80 note (1) The actual equation was: C = 88.71 - 2.76 t, with the standard error of the t coefficient ± 0.54 and R 2 0.77.