The effects of liming on the composition of the mycoflora of dead, lying wood in a Scots pine stand on acid, nutrient-poor soil was studied after 5 yr. Liming led to a significant increase in species number. Amphinema byssoides, Hyphoderma puberum, Hyphodontia breviseta, Hypochnicium geogenium, and Sistotrema octosporum significantly increased, whereas Botryobasidium subcoronatum and Trechispora farinacea significantly decreased after liming. The proportion of species that are characteristic for coniferous wood decreased, whereas the proportion of indifferent species and species that are characteristic for deciduous wood increased after liming. Explanations for this species shift are discussed and an increase in nitrogen dynamics in the wood is considered the most plausible explanation. Possible ecological consequences of these changes in species composition are briefly discussed.