Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T01:54:02.403Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Toughened, Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Materials for Microelectronic Application

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

J. L. Hedrick
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
S. Srinivasan
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
H.-J. Cha
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
D. Yoon
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
V. Flores
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
M. Harbison
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
R. Di Pietro
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
W. Hinsberg
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
V. Deline
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
H. R. Brown
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
M. Sherwood
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
E. Paulson
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
R. D. Miller
Affiliation:
IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120–6099
R. Cook
Affiliation:
IBM T. J. Watson Research Lab, Yorktown Heights, NY
E. Liniger
Affiliation:
IBM T. J. Watson Research Lab, Yorktown Heights, NY
E. Simonyi
Affiliation:
IBM T. J. Watson Research Lab, Yorktown Heights, NY
D. Klaus
Affiliation:
IBM T. J. Watson Research Lab, Yorktown Heights, NY
S. Cohen
Affiliation:
IBM T. J. Watson Research Lab, Yorktown Heights, NY
J. Hummel
Affiliation:
IBM T. J. Watson Research Lab, Yorktown Heights, NY
Get access

Abstract

Transparent, nanophase-separated, inorganic-organic hybrid polymers with dielectric constants below 3.0 have been prepared from reactively functionalized poly(amic ester) derivatives and substituted, oligomeric silsesquioxanes. These hybrid materials are stable to 400 °C and above and form tough, crack-free films. Induced cracking and crack propagation studies performed with the application of external stress suggest a maximum critical film thickness of at least 2.0 μm under severe stress conditions. These hybrid materials appear to be significantly toughened by the chemical incorporation of the polyimides relative to organically modified silicates and spin-on-glasses without significantly effecting other important polymer properties of the silicates.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Tummala, R. R., Keyes, R. W., Grobman, W. D. and Kapur, S., in Microelectronics Packaging Handbook, edited by Tummala, R. R. and Rymaszewski, E. J. (Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1989), Chapter 9.Google Scholar
2. Murarka, S. P., Solid State Technology, 83 (March 1996).Google Scholar
3. Jang, S.-P., Havemann, R. H. and Chang, M. C., Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 337, 25 (1994).Google Scholar
4. Singer, P., Semiconductor International, 88 (May 1996).Google Scholar
5.(a) Chee, J. Y., Draye, J. S., Gupta, S., Hopkins, R., and Wiesner, J., Proc. VIMC Conference, 128 (1993); (b) N. P. Hacker, J. S. Drage, R. Katsanes and P. Sebahar, Proc. VIMC Conference, 138 (1995).Google Scholar
6.(a) Scherrer, G. W., J. Non-Cryst. Solids 87, 199 (1986); (b) C. I. Brinker, G. W. Scherrer and E. P. Roth, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 72, 345 (1985); (c) G. W. Scherrer, C. J. Brinker and E. P. Roth, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 72, 369 (1985); (d) I. Strawbridge, in Chemistry of Glasses, 2nd edition, edited by A. Paul (Chapman and Hall, 1990), pp. 57, 85; (e) H. Schmidt and B. Seiferling, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 73, 731 (1986).Google Scholar
7.(a) Noell, J. W. W., Wilkes, G. L., Mohanty, D. K. and McGrath, J. E., J. Appl. Polym. Sci 40, 1177 (1990); (b) B. Wang, H. H. Huang, G. L. Wilkes, S. Liptak and J. E. McGrath, Polym. Mater. Sci. & Eng. 62, 892 (1990); (c) B. M. Novak et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 2756 (1991); (d) L. Mascia, Trends in Polymer Science 3(2), 61 (1995); (e) A. Morikawa, Y. Iyoku, M. Kakimoto and Y. lmai, J. Mater. Sci. 2(7), 679 (1992); (f) B. Wang, G. L. Wilkes, C. D. Smith and J. E. McGrath, Polym. Commun. (32(13), 400 (1991); (g) B. Wang, G. L. Wilkes, J. C. Hedrick, B. C. Liptak and J. E. McGrath, Macromolecules 24, 3449 (1991); (h) M. Nandi, J. A. Conklin, L. Salvati, Jr. and R. Sen, Chem. Mater. 3, 201 (1991).Google Scholar
8.(a) Saegusa, T. and Chujo, Y., Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp. 64, 1 (1996); (b) Y. Chujo, E. Ihara et al., Macromolecules 26, 5681 (1993); (c) Y. Chujo and T. Saegusa, Adv. Polym. Sci. 100, 12 (1995).Google Scholar
9. Landry, D.I. T., Coltrain, B. K., Wesson, J. A., Lippert, J. L. and Zumbulyadis, N., Polymer 33(7), 1496 (1992).Google Scholar
10. (a) Brown, J. F. Jr.,, Vogt, L. H. Jr., Katchrnan, A., Eustance, J. W. and Kiser, K. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 6194 (1960); (b) R. H. Baney, M. Itoh, A. Sakakibara and T. Suzuki, Chem. Rev. 95, 1409 (1995); (c) D. A. Loy and K. Shea, Chem. Rev. 95, 1431 (1995).Google Scholar
11. Volksen, W., in Advances in Polymer Science, edited by Hergenrother, P. M. (Springer-Verlag 1994), pp. 117, 111.Google Scholar
12. A preliminary description of the preparation of nanoscopic hybrids from silsesquioxanes and reactively terminated polyamic esters has been submitted for publication: Hedrick, J. L., Cha, H.-J., Srinivasan, S. et al., Macromolecules (1997).Google Scholar
13. Stevens, M. P., in Polymer Chemistry: An Introduction, 2nd edition (Oxford University Press, 1990), Chapter 10.Google Scholar
14. Srinivasan, S. A., Hedrick, J. L., Miller, R. D. and Pietro, R. Di, Polymer, 1997 (submitted for publication).Google Scholar
15. Leone, E. A. and Signorelli, A. J., in Materials Characterization and Chemical Analysis, 2nd edition, edited by Sibilia, (VCH Publishers, Inc, 1996), Chapter 10.Google Scholar
16. Srinivasan, S., Hedrick, J. L. and Miller, R. D., unpublished observations.Google Scholar
17. Liniger, E. G. and Cook, R. F., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 76(8), 2123 (1995).Google Scholar