Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T02:39:12.119Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Time-Resolved Emission Spectroscopy Of Electrically Heated Energetic Ni/Al Laminates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 January 2012

Christopher J. Morris ,
Paul Wilkins ,
Chadd May  and
Timothy P Weihs
Christopher J. Morris
Affiliation:
U.S. Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill, Rd, Adelphi, MD, 20783, USA
Paul Wilkins
Affiliation:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
Chadd May
Affiliation:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
Timothy P Weihs
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
Get access

Abstract

The nickel-aluminum (Ni/Al) intermetallic system is useful for a variety of reactive material applications, and reaction characteristics are well studied at the normal self-heating rates of 103–106 K/s. Recent experiments at 1011–1012 K/s have measured the kinetic energy of material ejected from the reaction zone, indicating additional kinetic energy from the reactive system despite high heating rates. In order to better probe reaction phenomena at these time scales, and determine the presence of expected elements and their temperatures, we report on emission spectroscopy of electrically heated, patterned Ni/Al bridge wires, time resolved over 350 ns through the use of a streak camera. Unlike previous studies where emission was dominated by Ar and N from residual gasses in the vacuum test chamber, here we report on experiments with encapsulated laminates allowing better quantification of Al and Ni emission. We were able to identify all major spectral lines from the dominant elements present in the films, and found the multilayered Ni/Al laminates to exhibit a brighter and longer duration emission than either Al or Ni control samples. We also found the measured electrical energy absorption of the Ni/Al laminates to follow that of the Al samples up to 150 ns following the onset of emission, indicating that the exothermic mixing of vapor phase Ni and Al was the most likely source for the higher emission intensity. These results will be important for new, energetically enhanced, high efficiency bridge wire applications, where shock initiation of subsequent energetic reactions may be accomplished with less electrical energy than is currently required.

Keywords

Alenergetic materialNi
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1405: Symposium Y – Advances in Energetic Materials Research , 2012 , mrsf11-1405-y02-06
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Gavens, A. J., Heerden, D. V., Mann, A. B., Reiss, M. E., and Weihs, T. P., “Effect of intermixing on self-propagating exothermic reactions in Al/Ni nanolaminate foils,” J. Appl. Phys. 87, 1255–1263, (2000).Google Scholar
2. Ding, M., Krieger, F., Swank, J., McMullan, C., Chen, G., and Poret, J., “Use of nanofoil as a new heat source in thermal batteries,” in 2008 NDIA Power & Energy Workshop, Warren, MI, Nov. 18 2008.Google Scholar
3. Swiston, A. J., Hufnagel, T. C., and Weihs, T. P., “Joining bulk metallic glass using reactive multilayer foils,” Scr. Mater. 48, 1575 – 1580, (2003).Google Scholar
4. Wang, J., Besnoin, E., Duckham, A., Spey, S. J., Reiss, M. E., Knio, O. M., Powers, M., Whitener, M., and Weihs, T. P., “Room-temperature soldering with nanostructured foils,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3987–3989, (2003).Google Scholar
5. Boettge, B., Braeuer, J., Wiemer, M., Petzold, M., Bagdahn, J., and Gessner, T., “Fabrication and characterization of reactive nanoscale multilayer systems for low-temperature bonding in microsystem technology,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 20, 064018, (2010).Google Scholar
6. Morris, C. J., Mary, B., Zakar, E., Barron, S., Fritz, G., Knio, O., Weihs, T. P., Hodgin, R., Wilkins, P., and May, C., “Rapid initiation of reactions in Al/Ni multilayers with nanoscale layering,” J. Phys. Chem. Solids 71, 84–89, (2010).Google Scholar
7. Morris, C. J., Zakar, P., Wilkins, Eugene, May, C., and Weihs, T. P., “Streak spectroscopy of reactive Al/Ni foil initiators,” in Proc. 27th Annual Army Science Conference, Orlando, FL, Nov. 30-Dec. 3 2010.Google Scholar
8. Sandakov, V. M., Esin, Y. O., and Gel’d, P. V., “Enthalpies of formation of molten nickel aluminum alloys at 1650°c,” Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry 1020, 45, (1971).Google Scholar
9. Morris, C. J., Wilkins, P., May, C., Zakar, E., and Weihs, T. P., “Streak spectrograph temperature analysis from electrically exploded Ni/Al nanolaminates,” Thin Solid Films,” (2011), (in press).Google Scholar
10. Moore, D. S., Son, S., and Asay, B., “Time-resolved spectral emission of deflagrating nano-Al and nano-MoO3 metastable interstitial composites,” Propellants, Explos., Pyrotech. 29, 106–111, (2004).Google Scholar
11. Conner, R. W. and Dlott, D. D., “Ultrafast condensed-phase emission from energetic composites of teflon and nanoaluminum,” J. Phys. Chem. A 114, 6731–6741, (2010).Google Scholar
12. Baksht, R., Pokryvailo, A., Yankelevich, Y., and Ziv, I., “Explosion of thin aluminum foils in air,” J. Appl. Phys. 96, 6061–6065, (2004).Google Scholar