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Tailoring of Nanotextured Zinc Oxide Thin Films for Enhanced Biosensing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 August 2014

Michael Jacobs ,
Rujuta Munje ,
Bilal Quadri ,
Sriram Muthukumar  and
Shalini Prasad
Michael Jacobs
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, EC 39, Richardson, TX 75080, U.S.A.
Rujuta Munje
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, EC 39, Richardson, TX 75080, U.S.A.
Bilal Quadri
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, EC 39, Richardson, TX 75080, U.S.A.
Sriram Muthukumar
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, EC 39, Richardson, TX 75080, U.S.A.
Shalini Prasad
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, EC 39, Richardson, TX 75080, U.S.A.
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Abstract

This study demonstrates the development of a zinc oxide (ZnO) based microelectrode sensor for the ultra-sensitive detection of protein biomarkers. Our research focuses on utilizing a materials-based approach to achieve this objective by utilizing ZnO as part of our biosensor for (1) improved surface binding to enhance sensitivity and (2) creating a nanotextured surface for enhanced output signal response. Nanotextured ZnO thin films were integrated onto printed circuit boards using RF magnetron sputter deposition. Films sputtered with and without the presence of oxygen were examined for possible differences in biosensor efficacy. These fabrication conditions not only dictate the number of oxygen vacancies within the film but also regulate the amount of zinc and oxygen terminated ends occurring on the material surface. The correlation between the surface terminations of the nanotextured ZnO to its performance as a biosensor was evaluated using two cross-linker molecules, dithiobis succinimidyl propionate and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, that maintain different binding chemistries to ZnO. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of cross-linker binding was accomplished using fluorescent microscopy and fluorescent intensity measurements. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used as the transduction mechanism for detection of the well-established cardiac biomarker, troponin-T. Utilizing EIS with a functionalized immunoassay on the ZnO surface, troponin-T was detected as low as 10 fg/mL using ZnO films sputtered without oxygen. This enhanced detection of the cardiac biomarker can be directly attributed to 1) oxygen vacancies within the metal oxide film, 2) the nanotexturing of the sensing site surface, and 3) the ability to bind a significant amount of cross-linker molecules for immobilizing capture antibodies.

Keywords

thin filmbiomedicalsensor
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1690: Symposium AA – Advanced Multifunctional Biomaterials for Neuroprosthetic Interfaces , 2014 , mrss14-1690-aa03-32-z03-32
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

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References

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