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The Synthesis of Metastable Skutierudites Using Superlattice Reactants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

Heike Sellinschegg ,
Joshua R. Williams ,
Julie Casperson ,
George Nolas  and
David C. Johnson
Heike Sellinschegg
Affiliation:
Materials Science Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
Joshua R. Williams
Affiliation:
Materials Science Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
Julie Casperson
Affiliation:
Materials Science Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
George Nolas
Affiliation:
Research and Development Division, Marlow Industries, Dallas, TX
David C. Johnson
Affiliation:
Materials Science Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
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Abstract

The synthesis by controlled crystallization of elementally modulated reactants of a series of kinetically stable, crystalline skutterudites (M′1−xM4Sb12 where M′ = vacancy, RE, Hf, Al, Sn, Pb, Bi, In, Ga, Al and Y; M = Fe, Co) is discussed. Low angle diffraction data demonstrates that the elemental layers interdiffuse at temperatures below 150°C. Nucleation of the skutterudite structure occurs exothermically on annealing at temperatures near 200°C regardless of the ternary metal. The metastable ternary compounds and the new binary compound were found to decompose exothermically on higher temperature annealing. The decomposition temperature ranged from 300°C for the binary compound FeSb3 to 550°C for Eu′1−x;Fe4Sb12 to higher temperatures for the filled cobalt end members. The occupation of the lattice site for the ternary cation was found to depend on the composition of the initial reactant. Samples up to a half gram in size have been synthesized and hot-pressed into pellets for measurement of both electrical properties and thermal conductivity. Preliminary evidence is presented for the formation of skutterudite superlattices, again synthesized by the controlled crystallization of elementally modulated reactants.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 545: Symposium Z – Thermoelectric Materials 1998 - The Next Generation… , 1998 , 37
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1999

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