In the last decades the conservation and protection of historical buildings, after theincreased atmospheric pollution, became a priority in all industrial countries. The natural stones exposed to a dramatically increased aggressive environment show their durability limits. The necessity to study new protective systems specifically projected to defend the materials according to the peculiar characteristics of each stone substrate. The complex heterogeneity of stone substrates demands an adaptable and efficient shielding strategy in order to satisfy the different protection requirements such as water repellency, permeability, photochemical and thermal stability and transparency. These characteristics, obviously, have to be maintained as long as possible. Such modulated multi-response behaviors can only be attempted with materials based on multifunctional copolymers. Different polymeric materials have been employed as coatings for building materials but these products were always transferred from industrial applications to the conservation of Cultural Heritage without a deep knowledge of their properties and without a real optimization of structures for stone protection.