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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 February 2011
Canadian utilities are investigating the use of Furnace Sorbent Injection (FSI) for control of acid gas emissions from thermal generating stations. Typically, limestone or slaked lime is injected into the furnace [1,2] and is calcined to calcium oxide (CaO), which reacts with sulphur dioxide (SO2) and oxygen, forming calcium sulphate:
or
The by-product is removed with the fly ash, using back-end particulate control equipment. The resulting solid waste usually contains substantial amounts (e.g., 20 to 40% w/w) of unreacted CaO, which can cause handling and disposal problems because of its vigorous exothermic reaction on contact with water:
The solid waste can set prematurely in the handling equipment. It can also produce a harmful dust and/or yield a highly alkaline leachate that could affect local ground and/or surface water supplies.