Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T16:14:59.079Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

On-Line Spectroscopic Studies of Group iv Alkoxides and their Interactions with Polymerizable Organic Additives During the Sol-Gel Process

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

R. Cinier
Affiliation:
Kodak Industrie Research, Chalon/Saone, 71102 France
J. Guilment
Affiliation:
Kodak Industrie Research, Chalon/Saone, 71102 France
O. Poncelet
Affiliation:
Kodak Industrie Research, Chalon/Saone, 71102 France
S. Truchet
Affiliation:
Kodak Industrie Research, Chalon/Saone, 71102 France
D. Wettling
Affiliation:
Kodak Industrie Research, Chalon/Saone, 71102 France
Get access

Abstract

The monitoring of different reactions such as the stabilization of the alkoxides with polymerizable organic additives, the building of the inorganic network during the hydrolysis process, and in a same manner, the polymerization of the organic additives, can be of great importance for the development of hybrid materials with improved processability.

NIR spectroscopy is a very versatile technique but lacks of specificity. IR and Raman give more interpretative results but are not always easy to run on a process. We used both techniques along with chemometric tools to extract relevant information from our processes. Then 2D correlation allowed to benefit from the specificity of IR and Raman to develop robust NIR methods able to be used on line to control the different steps of the sol-gel process.

The hydrolysis of mixed species of titanium containing chloro, isopropoxo and methacrylato ligands will be discussed in terms of mechanism occuring during the sol-gel process.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1] Brinker, C.J., Scherer, G.W., The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-gel Processing, Academic Press, San Diego (1990).Google Scholar
[2] Bradley, D.C., Mehrotra, R.C. and Gaur, D.P., Metal Alkoxides, Academic Press, London (1978); L.G. Hubert-Pfalzgraf, New J. Chem., 11, 663 (1987).Google Scholar
[3] Livage, J., Henry, M. and Sanchez, C., Progress in Solid State Chemistry, 18, 259 (1988).10.1016/0079-6786(88)90005-2Google Scholar
[4] Schmidt, H.K, in Inorganic and Organometallic with Special Properties, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1992), p 297 10.1007/978-94-011-2612-0_20Google Scholar
[5] Hu, J. and MacKenzie, J.D., in Better Ceramics Through Chemistry (Mater.Res.Soc.Proc.), Pittsburgh, PA,1992), p681.Google Scholar
[6] Perry, C.C., Li, Xianchun and Waters, D.N., Spectrochim. Acta, 47A (9/10), 1487 (1991); J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 87(15), 761 (1991); A. Takase and K. Miyakama, Jpn. J. Applied Phys., 30(8B), L1508 (1991); M. Aizawa, Y. Nosaka and N. Fujii, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 128, 77 (1991).10.1016/0584-8539(91)80240-JGoogle Scholar
[7] Rondestvedt, C.S., Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Kirk-Othmer, Wiley Interscience, New-York, 23, 176 (1983).Google Scholar
[8] Windig, W., Guilment, J., Analytical Chemistry, 63(14), 1425, 1991.10.1021/ac00014a016Google Scholar
[9] Guilment, J., Markel, S., Windig, W., Applied Spectroscopy, 48(3), 1994.10.1366/0003702944028308Google Scholar