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Novel Nanocrystalline Materials by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

J. Narayan ,
A.K. Sharma ,
A. Kvit ,
D. Kumar  and
J.F. Muth
J. Narayan
Affiliation:
NSF Center for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7916
A.K. Sharma
Affiliation:
NSF Center for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7916
A. Kvit
Affiliation:
NSF Center for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7916
D. Kumar
Affiliation:
NSF Center for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7916
J.F. Muth
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
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Abstract

We have developed a novel method based upon pulsed laser deposition to produce nanocrystalline metal, semiconductor and magnetic material thin films and composites. The size of nanocrystals was controlled by interfacial energy, number of monolayers and substrate temperature. By incorporating a few monolayers of W during PLD, the grain size of copper nanocrystals was reduced from 160nm (Cu on Si (100)) to 4nm for a multilayer (Cu/W/Cu/W/Si (100)) thin film. The hardness increased with decreasing grain size up to a certain value (7nm in the case of copper) and then decreased below this value. While the former is consistent with Hall-Petch model, the latter involves a new model based upon grain boundary sliding.

We have used the same PLD approach to form nanocrystalline metal (Ni, Co, Fe embedded in α-A12O3 and MgO) and semiconductor (Si, Ge, ZnO, GaN embedded in AIN and α-A12O3) thin films. These nanocrystalline composites exhibit novel magnetic properties and novel optoelectronic properties with quantum confinement of electrons, holes and excitons in semiconductors. We review advanced PLD processing, detailed characterization, structureproperty correlations and potential applications of these materials.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 617: Symposium J – Laser-Solid Interactionsfor Materials Processing , 2000 , J2.4
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2000

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