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Nanometric Surface Patterns for Tissue Engineering: Fabrication and Biocompatibility in Vitro

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

M Riehle ,
M Dalby ,
H Johnstone ,
J Gallagher ,
M A Wood ,
B Casey ,
K McGhee ,
S Affrossman ,
C D W Wilkinson  and
A S G Curtis
M Riehle*
Affiliation:
Centre for Cell Engineering, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
M Dalby
Affiliation:
Centre for Cell Engineering, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
H Johnstone
Affiliation:
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
J Gallagher
Affiliation:
Centre for Cell Engineering, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
M A Wood
Affiliation:
Centre for Cell Engineering, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
B Casey
Affiliation:
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
K McGhee
Affiliation:
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
S Affrossman
Affiliation:
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
C D W Wilkinson
Affiliation:
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
A S G Curtis
Affiliation:
Centre for Cell Engineering, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
*
*Author for correspondence
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Abstract

Three fundamentally different methods were used to fabricate nanometric surface features on polymers or fused silica. Phase separation of binary polymer mixes resulted in randomly distributed features whose depth and shape could be tightly controlled over large areas. Colloidal resist patterned large areas randomly and uniformly with very fine spikes. In contrast e-beam and reactive ion etching were used to create a set of regular spaced pillars on an orthogonal pattern. Some of the surfaces were replicated by in situ polymerization, solvent casting, embossing or melt molding onto polystyrene (PS) or ε–poly caprolactone (ε–PCL). Nanometric features down to 60nm were imprinted onto the polymers with high fidelity. Cells were seeded onto the nanometric surfaces and adhesion, morphology and cytoskeleton investigated. Cells respond to regular features of 170/80nm (width/depth) with reduced adhesion and changes in overall morphology and cytoskeleton. Small nanofeatures (13nm, 35nm depth) made by phase separation on the other hand increased adhesion and promoted cytoskeletal differentiation. The responses of the cells are indicative that nanometric surface features are useful modifications on scaffolds for tissue engineering or on medical implants.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 705: Symposium Y – Nanopatterning–From Ultralarge-Scale Integration to Biotechnology , 2001 , Y5.1
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2002

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