Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T21:38:31.411Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Microstructure and charge carrier transport in phthalocyanine based

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Andreas Opitz
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
Julia Wagner
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
Bernhard Ecker
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
Ulrich Hörmann
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
Michael Kraus
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
Markus Bronner
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
Wolfgang Brütting
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
Alexander Hinderhofer
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Frank Schreiber
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Get access

Abstract

The continuously growing and wide-spread utilization of blends of organic electron and hole conducting materials comprises ambipolar field-effect transistors as well as organic photovoltaic cells. Structural, optical and electrical properties are investigated in blends and neat films of the electron donor material Cu-phthalocyanine (CuPc) together with fullerene C60 and Cu-hexadecafluorophthalocyanine (F16CuPc) as electron acceptor materials, respectively. The difference in molecular structure of the spherical C60 and the planar molecule CuPc leads to nanophase separation in the blend, causing charge carrier transport which is limited by the successful formation of percolation paths. In contrast, blends of the similar shaped CuPc and F16CuPc molecules entail mixed crystals, as can be clearly seen by X-ray diffraction measurements. We discuss differences of both systems with respect to their microstructure as well as their electrical transport properties.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Yu, G. et al. , Science 270, 17891791 (1995).Google Scholar
2 Peumans, P. et al. , Nature 425, 158162 (2003).Google Scholar
3 Ossó, J.O. et al. , Adv. Func. Mater. 12, 455460 (2002).Google Scholar
4 Mott, N. and Gurney, R. Electronic Processes in Ionic Crystals (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1940).Google Scholar
5 Murgatroyd, P. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 3, 151156 (1970).Google Scholar
6 Rand, B.P. et al. , J. Appl. Phys. 98, 124902 (2005).Google Scholar
7 Bronner, M. et al. , phys. stat. sol. (a) 205, 549563 (2008).Google Scholar
8 Berger, O. et al. , J. Mater. Sci.- Mater. El. 11, 331346 (2000).Google Scholar
9 Bao, Z. et al. , J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 207208 (1998).Google Scholar
10 Oteyza, D. G. de et al. , J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 1505215053 (2006).Google Scholar
11 Salzmann, I. et al. , J. Appl. Phys. 104, 114518 (2008).Google Scholar
12 Datta, D. et al. , Thin solid films 516, 72377240 (2008).Google Scholar
13 Opitz, A. et al. , SPIE Proc. 7002, 70020J (2008)Google Scholar
14 Opitz, A. et al. , Org. Electron. (2009) submitted.Google Scholar
15 Pope, M. and Swenberg, C. E. Electronic processes in organic crystals and polymers (Oxford University Press, New York, 1999)Google Scholar
16 Knupfer, M. and Peisert, H. phys. stat. sol. (a) 201, 10551074 (2004).Google Scholar