Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T04:19:06.453Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Glass Fibers from High and Low Viscosity Melts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2011

Frederick T. Wallenberger  and
Norman E. Weston
Frederick T. Wallenberger
Affiliation:
University of Illinois, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Urbana, IL 61801
Norman E. Weston
Affiliation:
Retired, Lewes, DE 19958, U.S.A.
Get access

Abstract

Typical commercial and experimental oxide glass fibers are made from silicate melts, which have viscosities of log 2.5 to log 3.0 poise at the forming temperatures. But, strong fibers were recently also made from melts having viscosities of 0.5 to 2.0 poise, and a sharp melting point rather than a viscosity that gradually changes with temperature. This paper analyzes the various mechanisms of fiber formation, and proposes an answer to the apparent inconsistencies. In this context, the present paper bridges recent advances in the disciplines of advanced inorganic fibers [1], composite reinforcing fibers [2, 3, 4], and fiber glass reinforcements [5].

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 702: Symposium U – Advanced Fibers, Plastics, Laminates and Composites , 2001 , U5.3.1
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Wallenberger, F. T., “Continuous Melt Spinning Processes”, Advanced Inorganic Fibers: Processes, Structures, Properties, Applications, edited by Wallenberger, F. T., Kluwer Academic Publishers, (1999).Google Scholar
2. Wallenberger, F. T., “Fibers with Low Dielectric Constants”, Advanced Inorganic Fibers: Processes, Structures, Properties, Applications, edited by Wallenberger, F. T., (Kluwer Academic Publishers, (1999), pp. 149–151.Google Scholar
3. Wallenberger, F. T., “Value-in-use of Composite Reinforcing Fibers”, Symposium Proceedings, Symposium U, 2001 Fall MRS Meeting in Boston (MRS, 2002), in print.Google Scholar
4. Wallenberger, F. T., “Introduction to Reinforcing Fibers”, Composites, ASM Handbook, Volume 21 (ASM, 2001), in print.Google Scholar
5. Wallenberger, F. T., Watson, J. C., and Li, H., “Glass Fibers”, Composites, ASM Handbook, Volume 21 (ASM, 2001), in print.Google Scholar
6. Angell, A., “Relaxation in Liquids, Polymers, and Plastic Crystals – Strong/Fragile Patterns and Problems”, J. Non-crystalline Solids, 131–133 (1991), 13–31.Google Scholar
7. Uhlmann, D. R., “A Kinetic Treatment of Glass Formation”, J. Non-crystalline Solids, 7 (1971), 337–48.Google Scholar
8. Wallenberger, F. T., “The Structure of Glasses”, Science, 267 (1995), 1549.Google Scholar
9. Wallenberger, F. T., “Melt Viscosity and Modulus of Bulk Glasses and Fibers – Challenges for the Next Decade”, in Present State and Future Prospects of Glass Science and Technology, Kreidl Symposium, Triesenberg, Liechtenstein, July 3-8, 1994, Glasstech. Ber. Glass Sci. Technology, 70C (1997), 63–78.Google Scholar
10. Dockum, J. F., “Fiberglass”, in Handbook of Reinforcements for Plastics, Milewski, J. V. and Katz, H. S., Editors, Van Nostrand Reinhold, (1987), pp. 233–286.Google Scholar
11. Davy, J. R., “Development of Calcia-Alumina Glasses for Use in the Infrared Spectrum”, U. S. Patent No. 3,338,694 (1967); Glass Technology, 19 [2] (1978), 32-36.Google Scholar
12. Maddison, R, “Calcia-Aluminas”, Product Bulletins WB 37A and WB39B, Sassoon Advanced Materials Ltd, Dumbarton, U. K. (1994).Google Scholar
13. Khazanov, E. V., Kolesov, Yu. I. and Trofimov, N. N., “Glass Fibers” in Fibre Science and Technology, edited by Kostikov, V. I., Chapman & Hall, London, Glasgow, Weinheim, New York, Tokyo, Melbourne, Madras, (1995), pp. 47–54 Google Scholar
14. Onoda, G. Y. Jr, and Brown, S. D., “Low Silica Glasses Based on Calcia-Aluminas”, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 53 [6] (1970), 311–316.Google Scholar
15. Schroeder, T. F., Carpenter, H. W. and Camiglia, S. C., “High Modulus Glasses Based on Ceramic Oxides”, Technical Report R-8079, Contract N00019-69-C-0150. U. S. Navy Department, Naval Air Systems Command, Washington, DC, December 1969 Google Scholar
16. Wallenberger, F. T., Weston, N. E. and Brown, S. D., “Calcia-Alumina Glass Fibers: Drawing from Super-cooled Melts Versus Inviscid Melt Spinning”, Mat. Letters, 11 [89] (1991, 229–235.Google Scholar
17. Wallenberger, F. T. and Brown, S. D., “High Modulus Glass Fibers for New Transportation and Infrastructure Composites and for New Infrared Uses”, Composites Science and Technology, 51 (1994), 243–263.Google Scholar
18. Wallenberger, F. T., “New Melt Spun Glass and Glass-Ceramic Fibers for Polymer and Metal Matrix Composites”, in High Performance Composites: Commonalty of Phenomena, edited by Chawla, K. K., Law, P. K. and Fishman, G., The Minerals, Metals and Materials Soc., (1994), 85–92.Google Scholar
19. Wallenberger, F. T., Weston, N. E., Motzfeldt, K. and Swartzfager, D. G., “Inviscid Melt Spinning of Alumina Fibers: Chemical Jet Stabilization”, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 75 [3] (1992), 629–639.Google Scholar
20. Wallenberger, F. T., Weston, N. E. and Dunn, S. A., “Inviscid Melt Spinning: As-spun Amorphous Alumina Fibers”, Materials Letters, 2 [4] (1990), 121–127.Google Scholar
21. Weber, J. K., Felton, J. J., Cho, B. and Nordine, P. C., “Glass Fibres of Pure and Erbium-or Neodymium-Doped Yttria-Alumina Compositions”, Nature, 393 (1998), 769–771.Google Scholar
22. Wallenberger, F. T., “The Chemistry of New Heat-Resistant Films and Fibers”, Angewandte Chemie, International Edition, 3 [7] (1964), 460–470 Google Scholar