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Fabrication of refractive index and relief gratings in polymer films for DFB lasers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

T. Kavc ,
G. Langer ,
W. Kern ,
G. Kranzelbinder ,
E. Toussaere ,
G.A. Turnbull ,
I.D.W. Samuel ,
K.F. Iskra  and
T. Neger
T. Kavc
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Organic Materials, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
G. Langer
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Organic Materials, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
W. Kern*
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Organic Materials, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
G. Kranzelbinder
Affiliation:
LPQM, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 94230 Cachan, France
E. Toussaere
Affiliation:
LPQM, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 94230 Cachan, France
G.A. Turnbull
Affiliation:
Ultrafast Photonics Collaboration, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK
I.D.W. Samuel
Affiliation:
Ultrafast Photonics Collaboration, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK
K.F. Iskra
Affiliation:
Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
T. Neger
Affiliation:
Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
*
To whom all correspondence should be adressed
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Abstract

A styrene copolymer of 4-vinylbenzyl thiocyanate (PST-co-VBT) was employed as recording material for optical interference patterns with periods ∧ < 1 μm. Using lower intensity laser irradiation (4 mJ cm-2, λ = 266 nm), refractive index gratings were produced in PST-co-VBT by an UV induced photoisomerization SCN - NCS. Subsequent modification of the patterns with gaseous amines yielded surface relief gratings via the formation of derivatives of thiourea. Laser irradiation with higher pulse energies (7 mJ cm-2, λ = 266 nm) directly produced surface relief gratings (modulation depth 30 nm). These gratings were also reactive towards amine reagents and allowed a selective functionalization of the grooves of the relief (“reactive gratings”). Optically inscribed gratings in PST-co-VBT were employed as optical resonators for distributed feedback (DFB) lasing. With a laser dye (DCM) dissolved in PST-co-VBT, optically pumped DFB laser action was observed after inscribing index and relief gratings. The pumping threshold for lasing I th was 250 nJ cm-2 at λ = 532 nm.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 708: Symposium BB – Organic Optoelectronic Materials, Processing and Devices , 2001 , BB4.7
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2002

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References

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