Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T01:44:36.869Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Excitation Pathways of Rare Earth Ions by Energetic Electrons

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2011

Samson Penn Tafon ,
Zackary Fleischman ,
Leon Maurer  and
Volkmar Dierolf
Samson Penn Tafon
Affiliation:
[email protected], Lehigh University, Physics, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
Zackary Fleischman
Affiliation:
[email protected], Lehigh University, Physics, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
Leon Maurer
Affiliation:
[email protected], Lehigh University, Physics, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
Volkmar Dierolf
Affiliation:
[email protected], Lehigh University, Physics, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
Get access

Abstract

Using cathodoluminescence measurements, we studied the excitation of rare earth ions in LiNbO3 and compare it with previously studied Eu ions in GaN. We find that in both hosts and all dopants the most efficient excitation pathways involves a defect traps that capture the energy from the electron-hole pairs created in the host by E-beam irradiation. Even then the excitation efficiency in LiNbO3 is very low. Moreover, only a small fraction (<10-4) of the RE ions that are optically active can be excited through this pathway. We explain this behavior by a negligible direct excitation and a strong dependence of the excitation efficiency on the distance between the defect trap and the rare earth ion. The density of the defect traps is small such that many rare earth ions are far away from traps.

Keywords

luminescenceferroelectricelectron irradiation
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1111: Symposium D – Rare-Earth Doping of Advanced Materials for Photonic Applications , 2008 , 1111-D03-09
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

[1] Catagna, M.E., Coffa, S., Monaco, M., Muscara, A., Caristia, L., LOrenzi, S., and Messina, A., Mat. Sci&Eng B 105, 83 (2003)Google Scholar
[2] Steckl, A.J., Heikenfeld, J., Lee, D., Carter, M., Baker, C., Wang, Y., and Jones, R., IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 8, 749 (2002).Google Scholar
[3] Tafon Penn, S., Fleischman, Z., and Dierolf, V., physica status solidi A, 205, 30–33 (2008).Google Scholar
[4] Fleischman, Z., Tafon, P.S., Dierolf, V., Munasinghe, C., and Steckl, A.J., phys. stat. sol. (c) 4, 834–37 (2007).Google Scholar
[5] Light aided domain patterning and rare earth emission based imaging of ferroelectric domains, Chapter in Micro/nano engineering and characterization of ferroelectric crystals for applications in photonics (edited by P. Ferraro, S. Grilli, and P. De Natale, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2008)Google Scholar
[6] Dierolf, V., Sandmann, C., J. Luminescence 125, 67–79 (2007).Google Scholar
[7] Dierolf, V., Sandmann*, C., Zavada, J., Chow, P., Hertog, B., J. Appl. Phys. 95, 5464–70 (2004).Google Scholar
[8] Yakovlev, V., Kabanova, E., Weber, T., Pauvler, P., Phys. Stat Sol. A 185, 423 (2001).Google Scholar