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Electrochemical Feature of Hydrated Molybdenum Oxides in Lithium Batteries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

B. Yebka ,
C. Julien  and
G.A. Nazri
B. Yebka
Affiliation:
Physics and Physical Chemistry Department, RCEL, General Motors R&D Center, Warren, MI 48090
C. Julien
Affiliation:
Laboratoire des Milieux Desordonnes et Heterogenes, UMR 7603, University Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris 05, France
G.A. Nazri
Affiliation:
Physics and Physical Chemistry Department, RCEL, General Motors R&D Center, Warren, MI 48090
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Abstract

Oxide-hydrates of molybdenum [OHM] are investigated as 3-volt cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. The oxides and oxide-hydrates of molybdenum have been prepared at various degrees of heat treatment. The oxide-hydrates of molybdenum with different water content showed a much better performance as cathode of the rechargeable lithium battery than that of MoO3. From these results, it was found that the crystalline-bonded water molecules play an important role for the high discharge capacity and high cyclability. We report the electrochemical characteristics of Li/OHM batteries using the oxides and oxide-hydrates of molybdenum which have been prepared with various degrees of heat treatment of molybdic acid. The oxide has a corrugated layer structure consisting of corner-shared MoO6 octahedra. This structure provide electronic conductivity within a layer and high lithium ion mobility between layers. The mechanism of dehydration and structural rearrangement of molybdic acid during heat treatment were studies by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman and infrared spectroscopy. Thermal analysis indicates a two-step dehydration and formation of orthorhombic α-MoO3 and monoclinic β-MoO3. Discharge profiles and kinetics of the materials are dependent on the amount of “structural water” into the host lattice. The electro-insertion of Li ions occurs mainly in two steps in the potential range between 3.0 and 1.5 V (compositional range 0<xLi<l.5). Kinetic measurement show that Li ions are highly mobile in the OHM framework. The partial molar quantities δGx, δSx, and δHx, estimated from EMF-temperature measurements and coulometric titration.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 548: Symposia EE – Solid State Ionics V , 1998 , 229
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1999

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References

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