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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 February 2011
We review distinct photonic/electronic properties onginating from built-in nano-structures in transparent oxide based matenals, emphasizing potential of nanostructures hidden in crystal structure. Matenals focused are oxychalcogenides LaCuOCh (Ch=chalcogen ion) and homologous oxides InGaO3(ZnO)m(m=integer) having naturally formed multi-quantum well structures. Novel functions and devices ansing from the built-in nanostructure are: (1) modulation doping of positive holes and room temperature stable exciton in LaCuOCh, (2) high performance transparent field-effect transistor fabncated in InGaO3(ZnO)5 epitaxial thin films, and (3) conversion of insulator to persistent electronic conductor by carner doping in 12CaO 7A12O3 (C12A7).