Isotropic and anisotropic conductive carbon particles, carbon black (CB) and vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF), were incorporated into a Lithium Titanate (LTO) battery anode material composition, and their effect on conductivity and electrochemical properties investigated. Nanocomposite electrodes comprised of LTO, polyvinyldine floride (PVDF) and as little as 5 wt% VGCF are reported to manifest more than one order of magnitude enhancement in conductivity over their CB counterparts. VGCF-based anodes are also found to exhibit more stable voltage discharge profiles and as much as 20% improvement in capacity retention during extended electrochemical cycling at charge/discharge rates as high as 2.625 A/g (15 C). Remarkably, we find that the benefits of VGCF relative to CB conductivity aids diminish at higher particle loadings and that a LTO anode formulation containing 5 wt% CB | 5 wt% VGCF yields optimal capacity retention. At 5C, this composite system outperformed both the 10 wt% VGCF and 10 wt% CB electrode systems by delivering 20% higher capacity during extended charge/discharge cycling. We explain this finding in terms of two synergetic effects: enhanced electrode conductivity facilitated by incorporation of a percolated network of anisotropic VGCF particles; and shorter transport distances between the insulative LTO and high surface area CB.