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The Effects of Hydrolysis Conditions, and Acid and Base Additions, on the Gel-To-Ceramic Conversion in Sol-gel Derived PbTio3

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2011

Robert W. Schwartz ,
C. D. E. Lakeman  and
D. A. Payne
Robert W. Schwartz*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 105 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
C. D. E. Lakeman
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 105 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
D. A. Payne
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 105 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
*
*Present Address: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185
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Abstract

Lead titanate was prepared by the sol-gel processing of metal alkoxide solutions. The effects of hydrolysis level (i.e., moles H2O/mole PbTiO3) and acid and base additions (HNO3 or NH4OH) on the properties of desiccated gels, and the gel-to-ceramic conversion, were studied. Microstructural, structural, and physical properties were characterized at three stages of the processing cycle: (i) the desiccated gel state; (ii) the amorphous state, following organic pyrolysis; and (iii) the crystalline state. Differences in the physical and structural properties for the desiccated gels, which were induced through manipulation of the hydrolysis conditions, persisted in the amorphous state after organic pyrolysis. Minor differences remained after crystallization. Variations in material properties, with low temperature processing (e.g., the gel-to-glass transformation), were considered from the standpoint of hydrolysis and additive effects on the gel network structure and consolidation behavior. Data are reported for the densification and crystallization behavior for the gels. Through proper control of hydrolysis conditions, relatively dense ceramics were obtained at temperatures as low as 700°C.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 180: Symposium A – Better Ceramics Through Chemistry IV , 1990 , 335
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1990

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References

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