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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 February 2011
The fine structure of a core-loss edge contains detailed information on the local atomic environment. It can be used as an extremely sensitive probe of the fluctuations in structure and bonding that can occur at internal interfaces. Interpretation of such fluctuations requires only a knowledge of the location of the electron probe when the spectrum is acquired and a means of interpreting the spectrum. The location of the probe can be controlled with atomic precision in the STEM by the use of the Z-contrast image, while the real space cluster methodology of multiple scattering analysis is ideally suited to the task of interpretation. This approach is used here to derive 3-dimensional models for tilt grain boundaries in TiO2 and SrTiO3.