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Degradation of Ir(ppy)2(dtb-bpy)PF6 iTMC OLEDs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Velda Goldberg
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Michael D. Kaplan
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Leonard Soltzberg
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry, 300 The Fenway, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States, 617 521-2728, 617 521-3086
Dolly Armira
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Megan Bigelow
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Stephanie Bitzas
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Rachel Brady
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Shannon Browne
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Bianca Dichiaro
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Heather Foley
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Lauren Hutchinson
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Alison Inglis
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Nicole Kawamoto
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Amanda McLaughlin
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Caitlin Millett
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Hanah Nasri
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Sarah Newsky
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Tram Pham
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Cassandra Saikin
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Mary Scharpf
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Melissa Trieu
Affiliation:
[email protected], Simmons College, Chemistry & Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
George G. Malliaras
Affiliation:
[email protected], Cornell University, Materials Science & Engineering, Ithaca, New York, United States
Stefan Bernhard
Affiliation:
[email protected], Princeton University, Chemistry, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
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Abstract

Simplicity of construction and operation are advantages of iTMC (ionic transition metal complex) OLEDs compared with multi-layer OLED devices. Unfortunately, lifetimes do not compare favorably with the best multi-layer devices. We have previously shown for Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 based iTMC OLEDs that electrical drive produces emission-quenching dimers of the active species. We report evidence here that a chemical process may also be implicated in degradation of devices based on Ir(ppy)2(dtb-bpy)PF6 albeit by a very different mechanism. It appears that degradation of operating devices made with this Ir-based complex is related to current-induced heating of the organic layer, resulting in loss of the dtb-bpy ligand. (The dtb-bpy ligand is labile compared with the cyclometallated ppy ligands.) Morphological changes observed in electrically driven Ir(ppy)2(dtb-bpy)PF6 OLEDs provide evidence of substantial heating during device operation. Evidence from UV-vis spectra in the presence of an electric field as well as MALDI-TOF mass spectra of the OLED materials before and after electrical drive add support for this model of the degradation process.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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References

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