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Curvature-induced Symmetry Lowering and Anomalous Dispersion of Phonons in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 2011

Jason Reppert ,
Ramakrishna Podila ,
Nan Li ,
Codruta Z. Loebick ,
Steven J. Stuart ,
Lisa D. Pfefferle  and
Apparao M. Rao
Jason Reppert
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy; Center for Optical Material Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Ramakrishna Podila
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy; Center for Optical Material Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Nan Li
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Codruta Z. Loebick
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Steven J. Stuart
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
Lisa D. Pfefferle
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Apparao M. Rao
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy; Center for Optical Material Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
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Abstract

Here we report rich and new resonant Raman spectral features for several sub-nanometer diameter single wall carbon nanotubes (sub-nm SWNTs) samples grown using chemical vapor deposition technique operating at different temperatures. We find that the high curvature in sub-nm SWNTs leads to (i) an unusual S-like dispersion of the G‑band frequency due to perturbations caused by the strong electron-phonon coupling, and (ii) an activation of diameter-selective intermediate frequency modes that are as intense as the radial breathing modes (RBMs). Furthermore, an analytical approach which includes the effects of curvature into the overlap integral and the energy gap between the van Hove singularities is discussed. Lastly, we show that the phonon spectra for sub-nm SWNTs obtained from the molecular dynamic simulations which employs a curvature-dependent force field concur with our experimental observations.

Keywords

Raman spectroscopynanostructurechemical vapor deposition (CVD) (deposition)
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1284: Symposium C – Fundamentals of Low-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials , 2011 , mrsf10-1284-c10-28
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2011

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