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Charge Transfer Dynamics in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Mat: In Situ Raman Spectroscopy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2011

S. Gupta ,
M. Hughes ,
A.H. Windle  and
J. Robertson
S. Gupta*
Affiliation:
Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
M. Hughes
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
A.H. Windle
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
J. Robertson
Affiliation:
Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
*
* Corresponding author, Email address: [email protected]
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Abstract

Carbon nanotubes-based actuator has been investigated using in situ Raman spectroscopy in order to understand the actuation mechanism and to determine associated parameters. We built an actuator from a sheet of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT mat) and studied in several alkali metal (Li, Na, and K) and alkaline earth (Ca) halide solutions. Since Raman can detect changes in C-C bond length: the radial breathing mode (RBM) at ∼190 cm-1 varies inversely with the nanotube diameter and the G band at ∼1590 cm-1 varies with the axial bond length, the variation of bonding was monitored with potential. In addition, the intensities of both the modes vary with either emptying/depleting or filling of the bonding and antibonding states due to electrochemical charge injection. We discuss the variation of intensity/frequency providing valuable information on the dynamics of charge transfer on the SWNT mat surface. We found the in-plane microscopic strain (∼ -0.25%) and the charge transfer per carbon atom (fc ∼ -0.005) as an upper bound for the electrolytes used. It is demonstrated that though the present analyses does comply with the proposition made earlier, but the quantitative estimates of the associated parameters are significantly lower if compared with those of reported values for carbon nanotubes. Moreover, the extent of variation (i.e. coupled electro-chemo-mechanical response) does depend upon the type of counter-ion used. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) is also described briefly.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 785: Symposium D – Materials and Devices for Smart Systems , 2003 , D9.3
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2004

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References

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