Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T01:31:18.020Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterization of North American Lignite Fly Ashes II. XRD Mineralogy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2011

G. J. McCarthy ,
D. M. Johansen ,
A. Thedchanamoorthy ,
S. J. Steinwand  and
K. D. Swanson
G. J. McCarthy
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105
D. M. Johansen
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105
A. Thedchanamoorthy
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105
S. J. Steinwand
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105
K. D. Swanson
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105
Get access

Abstract

X-ray powder diffraction has been used to determine the crystalline phase mineralogy in samples of fly ash from each of the lignite mining areas of North America. The characteristic phases of North Dakota lignite fly ashes were periclase, lime, merwinite and the sulfate phases anhydrite, thenardite and a sodalite-structure phase. Mullite was absent in these low-Al2O3 ashes. Montana lignite ash mineralogy had characteristics of ND lignite and MT subbituminous coal fly ashes; mullite and C3A were present and the alkali sulfates were absent. Texas and Louisiana lignite fly ashes had the characteristic mineralogy of bituminous coal fly ash: quartz, mullite, ferrite-spinel (magnetite) and minor hematite. Even though their analytical CaO contents were 7–14%, all but one lacked crystalline CaO-containing phases. Lignite fly ashes from Saskatchewan were generally the least crystalline of those studied and had a mineralogy consisting of quartz, mullite, ferrite spinel and periclase. Quantitative XRD data were obtained. The position of the diffuse scattering maximum in the x-ray diffractograms was indicative of the glass composition of the lignite fly ash.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 113: Symposium Q – Fly Ash and Coal Conversion By-Products IV , 1987 , 99
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. McCarthy, G.J., Manz, O.E., Stevenson, R.J., Hassett, D.J., Groenewold, G.H., in Fly Ash and Coal Conversion By-Products: Characterization, Utilization and Disposal III, edited by McCarthy, G.J., Glasser, F.P. and Roy, D.M., Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol.65, (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1986) pp. 165–166.Google Scholar
2. McCarthy, G.J., Manz, O.E., Johansen, D.M., Steinwand, S.J. and Stevenson, R.J., in Fly Ash and Coal Conversion By-Products: Characterization. Utilization and Disposal II, edited by McCarthy, G.J., Glasser, F.P. and Roy, D.M., Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol.86, (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1987) pp. 109–112.Google Scholar
3. Stevenson, R.J., Collier, J.C., Crashell, J.J. and Quandt, L.R., this volume.Google Scholar
4. Manz, O.E., Dockter, B., McCarthy, G.J., Johansen, d.M., Steinwand, S.J. and Steinwand, K.D., in Proc. 14th Biennial Lignite Symvosium on the Technoloty of Low-Rank Coals, Dallas TX, May, 1987.Google Scholar
5. McCarthy, G.J. and Johansen, D.M., Steinwand, S.J. and Thedchanamoorthy, A., Adv. X-Ray Anal., 31 (in press).Google Scholar
6. McCarthy, G.J. and Johansen, D.M., Powder Diffraction (in press).Google Scholar
7. Klug, H.P. and Alexander, L.E., X-Ray Diffraction Procedures, (Wiley Interscience, New York, 1974); F.H. Chung, Adv. X-Ray Anal., 17 106–115 (1974).Google Scholar
8. Thedchanamoorthy, A. and McCarthy, G.J., to be published.Google Scholar
9. McCarthy, G.J., Swanson, K.D., Keller, L.P., Blatter, W.C., Cem. Concr. Res. 14, 471–478 (1984).Google Scholar
10. McCarthy, G.J. and Steinwand, S.J., in Proc. 13th Biennial Lignite Symposium: Technology and Utilization of Low-Rank Coals, edited by Jones, M.L., DOE/METC-86/6036(Vol.2), (U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, 1985) pp. 600–608.Google Scholar
11. McCarthy, G.J., this volume.Google Scholar
12. Diamond, S., Cem. Concr. Res. 13, 459–464 (1983).Google Scholar
13. Diamond, S., Cem. Concr. Res. 14, 455–462 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Hemmings, R.T. and Berry, E.E., this volume.Google Scholar