Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T04:11:34.821Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Understanding the Microstructure and Properties of Components Fabricated by Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

M. L. Griffith ,
M. T. Ensz ,
J. D. Puskar ,
C. V. Robino ,
J. A. Brooks ,
J. A. Philliber ,
J. E. Smugeresky  and
W. H. Hofmeister
M. L. Griffith
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185
M. T. Ensz
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185
J. D. Puskar
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185
C. V. Robino
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185
J. A. Brooks
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551
J. A. Philliber
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551
J. E. Smugeresky
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551
W. H. Hofmeister
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Nashville, TN 37235
Get access

Abstract

Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) is a novel manufacturing process for fabricating metal parts directly from Computer Aided Design (CAD) solid models. The process is similar to rapid prototyping technologies in its approach to fabricate a solid component by layer additive methods. However, the LENS technology is unique in that fully dense metal components with material properties similar to wrought materials can be fabricated. The LENS process has the potential to dramatically reduce the time and cost required realizing functional metal parts. In addition, the process can fabricate complex internal features not possible using existing manufacturing processes. The real promise of the technology is the potential to manipulate the material fabrication and properties through precision deposition of the material, which includes thermal behavior control, layered or graded deposition of multi-materials, and process parameter selection.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 625: Symposium Y – Solid Freeform & Additive Fabrication – 2000 , 2000 , 9
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Griffith, M. L., Keicher, D. M., Atwood, C. L., Romero, J. A., Smugeresky, J. E., Harwell, L. D., Greene, D. L., “Free Form Fabrication of Metallic Components using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS)”, Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, August 12-14, 1996, Austin, TX, p. 125.Google Scholar
2 Keicher, D. M., Romero, J. A., Griffith, M. L., Atwood, C. L., “Laser Metal Deposition of Alloy 625 for Free Form Fabrication”, Proceedings of the World Congress on Powder Metallurgy and Particulate Materials, June 16-21, 1996, Washington, D.C. Google Scholar
3 Smugeresky, John E., Keicher, Dave M., Romero, Joseph A., Griffith, Michelle L., Harwell, Lane D., “Using the Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) Process to Produce Complex Components from a CAD Solid Model”, Photonics West SPIE Proceedings - Lasers as Tools for Manufacturing, Volume 2993,1997, p. 91. 19Google Scholar
4 Schlienger, E., Dimos, D., Griffith, M., Michael, J., Oliver, M., Romero, T., Smugeresky, J., “Near Net Shape Production of Metal Components using LENS”, Proceedings of the Third Pacific Rim International Conference on Advanced Materials and Processing, July 12-16, 1998, Honolulu, HI, p. 1581.Google Scholar
5 Atwood, C. L., Griffith, M. L., Schlienger, M E., Harwell, L. D., Ensz, M. T., Keicher, D. M., Schlienger, M. E., Romero, J. A., Smugeresky, J. E., “Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS): A Tool for Direct Fabrication of Metal Parts”, Proceedings of ICALEO ‘98, November 16-19, 1998, Orlando, FL, p. E-1.Google Scholar
6 Griffith, M. L., Harwell, L. D., Romero, J. A., Schlienger, E., Atwood, C. L., Smugeresky, J. E., “Multi-Material Processing by LENS”, Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, August, 1997, Austin, TX, p.387.Google Scholar
7 Kashyap, B.P., Tangri, K., Acta metall. mater., Vol. 43, No. 11 pp. 3971–3981, (1995).Google Scholar
8 Philliber, J., Smugeresky, J., Somerday, B., Griffith, M., “Microstructure and Properties of LENS processed 304L Stainless Steel”, Presented at the Annual meeting of TMS, Nashville, TN, March 13-15, 2000.Google Scholar
9 Griffith, M. L., Schlienger, M. E., Harwell, L. D., Oliver, M. S., Baldwin, M. D., Ensz, M. T., Smugeresky, J. E., Essien, M., Brooks, J., Robino, C. V., Hofmeister, W. H., Wert, M. J., Nelson, D. V., “Thermal Behavior in the LENS Process”, Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, August, 1998, Austin, TX, p. 89.Google Scholar
10 Griffith, M. L., Schlienger, M. E., Harwell, L. D., Oliver, M. S., Baldwin, M. D., Ensz, M. T., Smugeresky, J. E., Essien, M., Brooks, J., Robino, C. V., Hofmeister, W. H., M, J. Wert, Nelson, D. V., Journal of Materials Design, volume 20 number 2/3, June 1999, p 107–114.Google Scholar
11 Hofmeister, W., Wert, M., Smugeresky, J., Philliber, J.A., Griffith, M., and Ensz, M, JOM, Vol. 51, No. 7, available from JOM-e online at www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/9907/Hofmeister/Hofmeister-9907.html.Google Scholar
12 Brooks, J., Robino, C., Headley, T., Goods, S., and Griffith, M., “Microstructure and Property Optimization of LENS Deposited H13 Tool Steel”, Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, August, 1999, Austin, TX, p.375–382.Google Scholar
13 Brooks, J. A., Baskes, M. I., and Greulick, F. A., Metall. Trans. A, 22A, (1991), pp. 915–925.Google Scholar
14 Dykhuizen, R. C., Robino, C. V., and Knorovsky, G. A., Metall. and Mat. Trans. B, 30B, (1999), pp. 107–117.Google Scholar