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Sol-Gel Derived Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Silicon Oxide Composite Materials and Novel Fabrication Technique for Channel Waveguide

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2011

Makoto Yoshida  and
Paras N. Prasad
Makoto Yoshida
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Buffalo, Photonics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, 427 NSM Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000
Paras N. Prasad
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Buffalo, Photonics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, 427 NSM Complex, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000
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Abstract

Sol-gel derived composite materials of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), SiO2 and TiO2 were studied to achieve low optical propagation loss and high thermal stability in slab waveguides. PVP is a thermally crosslinkable polymer. However, the thermal crosslinking and thermal decomposition take place around the same temperature, 200 °C, resulting in high optical propagation loss. The incorporation of sol-gel processed SiO2 prevents thermal decomposition of PVP and produces remarkably low optical propagation loss even after being baked at 230 °C. We have achieved 0.2 dB/cm optical propagation loss at 633 nm. Furthermore, little index change was observed at 110 °C for 1,000 hours after initial slight increase. Impregnation of sol-gel processed TiO2 into the PVP/SiO2 system was also studied to increase refractive index. A broad manipulation of refractive index, from 1.49 to 1.65, with an optical propagation loss of less than 0.6 dB/cm at 633 nm was accomplished by a careful selection of Ti alkoxide and optimized reaction conditions. PVP/SiO2 slab waveguides were then used to fabricate channel waveguides by using a laser densification technique utilizing metal lines as light absorbent and an Ar laser. An optical propagation loss of 0.9 dB/cm was achieved at 633 nm.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 392: Symposium U – Thin Films for Integrated Optics Applications , 1995 , 103
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1995

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