Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T02:36:12.641Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Selection of Matrices for Immobilization of Actinide Fraction of HLW

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2011

A. V. Ochkin ,
S. V. Stefanovsky  and
S. I. Rovny
A. V. Ochkin
Affiliation:
D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russia
S. V. Stefanovsky
Affiliation:
SIA Radon, Moscow, Russia
S. I. Rovny
Affiliation:
PA Mayak, Ozersk, Chelyabinsk reg., Russia.
Get access

Abstract

HLW after the separation of U, Pu and Np contains two major radionuclide groups: fission products and TRU elements. The later ones are the most dangerous and should be separated in the special actinide fraction. This process has been realized at PA “Mayak”.

The composition of the actinide fraction depends on a separation method:

A. Radionuclides of Am and Cm with minor amounts of U, Np and Pu.

B. Radionuclides of Am and Cm with minor amounts of U, Np and Pu and also REEs.

C. Radionuclides of Am and Cm with minor amounts of U, Np and Pu and also REEs and perhaps some amount of Zr.

The fraction with composition A can be burned off in fast reactors whereas the fractions with compositions B and C should be immobilized in stable matrices. Alpha-Activity of actinide fraction is subsequently determined by 244Cm, 241Am, 244Am, 239Pu and 242Pu during a long-term storage. The storage time depends on conditions and can reach several hundreds of thousands years. The main requirements to matrices are chemical and radiation resistances. The fraction with composition B can be incorporated in perovskite ceramics whereas in case of composition C the additional zirconolite and/or pyrochlore phases are necessary.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 757: Symposium II – Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXVI , 2002 , II3.29
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Nikiforov, A.S., Kulichenko, V.V., Zhikharev, M.I., Management of Radioactive Waste (Russ.), Moscow, 1985.Google Scholar
2. Masson, H., Pluche, E., Waste Management '99. Proc. Int. Symp. (Tucson, 1999) CD-ROM.Google Scholar
3. Phosphate Glasses with Radioactive Wastes, Vashman, A.A. and Polyakov, A.S., eds. (Moscow, 1997).Google Scholar
4. Radioative Waste Forms for the Future, Lutze, W. and Ewing, R.C., eds. (Amsterdam, 1988).Google Scholar
5. Glagolenko, Y.V., Dzekun, E.G., Rovny, S.I. et al. Problems of Radiation Safety (Russ.), [2] (1996) 3.Google Scholar
6. Kessler, G.. Nuclear Fission Reactors. Potential Role and Risks of Converters and Breeders. Springer – Verlag (Wien, New York. 1983).Google Scholar
7. Babaev, N.S., Ochkin, A.V., Dzekun, Eu.G. et al. Atomic Energy (Russ.) (2002) in press.Google Scholar
8. Drozhko, E.G., Suslov, A.P., Fetisov, V.I., et al., High Level Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel Management. NY: ASME, 1993, Vol. 2, P. 17–20.Google Scholar
9. ICRP Publication 61. 1990.Google Scholar
10. Ochkin, A.V., Chizhevskaya, S.V., Cherniavskaya, N.E., et. al., Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 757 (2003), in press (this volume).Google Scholar
11. Wang, S.X., Begg, B.D., Wang, L.M., Ewing, R.C., Weber, W.J., Govidan Kutty, K.V., J. Mat. Res. 14, [12] (1999) 4470.Google Scholar
12. Stefanovsky, S.V., Kirjanova, O.I., Chizhevskaya, S.V., et al., Waste Management '03. Proc. Int. Symp., Tucson, AZ. CD-ROM.Google Scholar