Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T07:34:03.408Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mechanics of Contacts at Less than 100Å Scale: Indentation and AFM

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

S.P. Jarvis ,
T.P. Weihs ,
A. Oral  and
J.B. Pethica
S.P. Jarvis
Affiliation:
University of Oxford, Department of Materials, Parks Rd., Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K.
T.P. Weihs
Affiliation:
Now at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550
A. Oral
Affiliation:
Also at Dept. of Physics, University of Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
J.B. Pethica
Affiliation:
University of Oxford, Department of Materials, Parks Rd., Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K.
Get access

Abstract

Understanding of both low load Nanoindentation and Atomic Force Microscopy relies on a knowledge of the mechanical response of contacts at the few nanometre scale. To investigate this area we have developed a new type of AFM/Indenter which applies forces (<1nN up to 1mN) to a tip mounted on a cantilever. The displacement of the cantilever is detected using laser heterodyne interferometry. The combination gives a direct measurement of contact compliance at very low loads. Contacts of diameter below 100Å can be repeatably made.

We show that a water film is generally present in the contact during operation in air, and show how its size can be estimated from our data. One implication is that ambient operation of AFM in both repulsive and attractive modes may necessitate the presence of a liquid lubricating film, explaining the relative lack of damage in many AFM measurements. The estimation of contact area from stiffness is complicated by this layer. We show that the contact stresses are likely to be very high.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 308: Symposium M1 – Thin Films: Stresses and Mechanical Properties IV , 1993 , 127
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1 Gane, N., Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A317, 367 (1970). J.B. Pethica & W.C. Oliver, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 130, 13–21 (1989).Google Scholar
2 Pethica, J.B., Hutchings, R. & Oliver, W.C., Phil.Mag., A48, 593 (1983). M.F. Doerner & W.D. Nix, J. Mater. Res., 1(4), 601 (1986).Google Scholar
3 Binnig, G., Quate, C.F., and Gerber, Ch., Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 930 (1986).Google Scholar
4 Pethica, J.B. & Oliver, W.C., Physica Scripta, T19, 61–66 (1987).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5 Rugar, D. & Hansma, P., Physics Today, October 1990, 23.Google Scholar
6 Tabor, D. & Winterton, R.H.S., Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A312, 435 (1969).Google Scholar
7 McFarlane, J.S. & Tabor, D., Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A202, 224 (1950).Google Scholar
8 Mate, C.M., Lawrence, M.R. & Novotny, V.J., J. Chem. Phys., 90, 7550 (1989).Google Scholar
9 Israelachvili, J.N., Intermolecular and Surface Forces, (Academic Press, London, 1985).Google Scholar
10 Burnham, N.A., Colton, R.J. & Pollock, H.M., Nanotechnology, In press.Google Scholar