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Magnetic Resonance Study of Non-Equivalent Centers Created by 4f-Ions in Congruent and Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2011

Galina Malovichko ,
Valentin Grachev ,
Jonathan Jorgensen ,
Martin Meyer ,
Mark Munro ,
Benjamin Todt ,
Ian Vrable ,
Edward Kokanyan ,
Viktor Bratus  and
Sergei Okulov
Galina Malovichko
Affiliation:
[email protected], Montana State University, Physics Department, Bozeman, Montana, United States
Valentin Grachev
Affiliation:
[email protected], Montana State University, Physics Department, Bozeman, Montana, United States
Jonathan Jorgensen
Affiliation:
[email protected], Montana State University, Physics Department, Bozeman, Montana, United States
Martin Meyer
Affiliation:
[email protected], Montana State University, Physics Department, Bozeman, Montana, United States
Mark Munro
Affiliation:
[email protected], Montana State University, Physics Department, Bozeman, Montana, United States
Benjamin Todt
Affiliation:
[email protected], Montana State University, Physics Department, Bozeman, Montana, United States
Ian Vrable
Affiliation:
[email protected], Montana State University, Physics Department, Bozeman, Montana, United States
Edward Kokanyan
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Physical Researches, Ashtarak, Armenia
Viktor Bratus
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Kiev, Ukraine
Sergei Okulov
Affiliation:
[email protected], Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Kiev, Ukraine
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Abstract

Lithium Niobate doped with 4f-ions is of great interest for both fundamental science and advanced applications including high efficiency lasers with frequency conversion, elements for an all-optical telecommunication network and quantum cryptography. Our study has shown that 4f-ions create an unexpected variety of completely different non-equivalent centers in both stoichiometric and lithium deficient congruent crystals. Dominant Nd1 and Yb1 centers have C3 point symmetry (axial center), whereas all Er and most other Nd and Yb centers have the lowest C1 symmetry. Distant defects create small distortions of the crystal field at the impurity site, which cause line broadening, but do not change the C3 symmetry of observed EPR spectra. Defects in the near neighborhood can lower center symmetry from C3 to C1. We concluded that Nd1 has distant charge compensation, whereas the charge excess in low-symmetry Nd(Li) centers is compensated by near lithium or niobium vacancies. Since no axial centers were found for Er, models with cation vacancies can not describe our experimental data. The dominant axial Yb1 center has no defects in its surrounding. One axial and one low-symmetry Yb centers are self compensating Yb(Li)-Yb(Nb) pairs. Six other centers are different complexes of Yb3+ and intrinsic defects. Obtained data can be used for defect engineering for tailoring properties of photonic materials.

Keywords

electron spin resonancedefectscrystallographic structure
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1111: Symposium D – Rare-Earth Doping of Advanced Materials for Photonic Applications , 2008 , 1111-D01-03
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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