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Laminates From The Soy-Based Polyurethanes and Natural and Synthetic Fibers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2011

Zoran S. Petrovič ,
Wei Zhang ,
Ivan Javni  and
Andrew Guo
Zoran S. Petrovič
Affiliation:
Kansas Polymer Research Center, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS 66762
Wei Zhang
Affiliation:
Kansas Polymer Research Center, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS 66762
Ivan Javni
Affiliation:
Kansas Polymer Research Center, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS 66762
Andrew Guo
Affiliation:
Kansas Polymer Research Center, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS 66762
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Abstract

Two polyols were prepared from soybean oil, one by epoxidation route and the other via hydroformylation. The polyol obtained by epoxidation has secondary groups and has a gel time of more than one hour when reacted with crude MDI to produce polyurethanes. Hydroformylated polyol has a gel time with MDI of several minutes and is more suitable for reinforced reaction injection molding (RRIM). The first group of polyurethanes had a glass transition close to 80 °C while the hydroformylated gave about 30 degrees lower Tg and comparable strength but higher elongation. Adding glycerin as the crosslinker could increase both Tg and strength. Two series of laminates were prepared using several types of glass fabric, carbon fiber, polyester, cotton and jute fabrics r as reinforcements. Hydroformylated polyol based polyurethane composites were softer, with lower Tg, modulus and strength. Composites with organic fibers were lighter and more flexible than the glass reinforced samples. For comparison glass reinforced epoxy and polyester were prepared and tested. Organic fibers gave lower stiffness and strength than the corresponding glass or carbon fiber. Although the neat polyester and epoxy resins had somewhat higher strengths than the polyurethanes from soybean oil, mainly due to the higher crosslinking density, the composites from the soy oil-based resin displayed comparable or better properties. Glass transition and mechanical properties of the soy-based polyurethanes was varied from about 70 °C to 140 °C with added crosslinkers. Processing time of the soy-polyurethanes resins was shorter than that of the other two resins.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 702: Symposium U – Advanced Fibers, Plastics, Laminates and Composites , 2001 , U4.5.1
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2002

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References

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