Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T03:31:08.010Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Ferromagnetism in Nanocrystalline Powders and Thin Films of Cobalt-Vanadium co-doped Zinc Oxide

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 April 2012

Marco Gálvez-Saldaña
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez 00980, PR, USA.
Gina Montes-Albino
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez P.O. Box 9045, Mayagüez, PR, 00681-9045 USA.
Oscar Perales-Perez
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering Science and Materials, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayaguez, PR, 00680-9044, USA.
Get access

Abstract

A systematic study was carried out to determine the effect of the composition and annealing atmosphere (air and N2) on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of pure, doped and co-doped ZnO [Zn(1-y)(CoV)yO] nanocrystalline powders and films. The (Co+V) doping level, ‘y’, was fixed at 2 at% with variable individual concentrations of Co and V species. Powders and films were synthesized via a sol-gel approach where the films were grown on silicon (100) substrates. X-ray diffractometry verified the formation of the ZnO host structure after annealing of the precursor phases. The variation of the average crystallite size of Co-V (2 at.%) ZnO powders annealed in air at 500°C were negligible and averaged 33 nm. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements of powder corroborated the formation of high-quality ZnO host structure, as well as in films annealed in air. In turn, XRD and PL measurements confirmed an enhanced crystallinity of the ZnO host, with an average crystallite size of 41 nm, for films annealed at 500°C under a N2 atmosphere. M-H measurements evidenced a ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature in powders and films that was dependent on the type and amount of the dopant species.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1] Özgür, Ü., et al. ., Journal of Applied Physics 98, 041301, (2005).Google Scholar
[2] Pan, F., Song, C., et al. , Materials Science and Engineering R 62, 135, (2008).Google Scholar
[3] Qi, Jing, Gao, Daqiang, et al. , Appl Phys A. 100, 7982 (2010).Google Scholar
[4] Gálvez, M., et al. , Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol. 1368, DOI: 10.1557/opl.2011.1038.Google Scholar
[5] Barnes, T.M., et al. , J. Cryst. Growth, 274, 412417, (2005).Google Scholar
[6] Kang, D.J., et al. , Thin Solid Films 475, 160165, (2005).Google Scholar
[7] Hyun Kim, J., et al. , Journal Applied Physics, 92, 10, (2002).Google Scholar
[8] Petersen, J., Microelectronics Journal 40, 239241, (2009).Google Scholar
[9] Kim, Seong Keun, et al. , Thin Solid Films 478, 103108, (2005)Google Scholar
[10] Wang, Liwei, et al. , Thin Solid Films 517, 37213725 (2009)Google Scholar
[11] Grundmann, Marius, Handbook The Physics of Semiconductors: An Introduction Including Nanophysics and Applications, Springer, Second edition, 291292, (2010).Google Scholar
[12] Lu, J.J., et al. , Optical Materials 29, 15481552, (2007).Google Scholar
[13] Shionoya, S. and Yen, W.M., Phosphor Handbook, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida (1999).Google Scholar
[14] Vanheusden, K., et al. , Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 403, (1996).Google Scholar
[15] Samanta, P. K., International Journal of NanoScience and Nanotechnology ISSN 0974– 3081, 1, 8190 (2009).Google Scholar
[16] Janotti, Anderson and Van de Walle, Chris G, Rep. Prog. Phys. 72, 126501, (2009).Google Scholar
[17] Singh, Shubra, et al. , New Journal of Physics 12, 023007 (2010)Google Scholar
[18] Coey, J.M.D., Venkatesan, M., Fitzgerald, C.B., Nat. Mater. 4, 173, (2005).Google Scholar