Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T15:44:14.276Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Fabrication and Characterization of Low-Cost, Large-Area Spray Deposited Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Films for Heterojunction Solar Cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2013

Sandip Das
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Kelvin J. Zavalla
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
M. A. Mannan
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Krishna C Mandal*
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Get access

Abstract

Large-area Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films were deposited by low-cost spray pyrolysis technique on Mo-coated soda-lime glass (SLG) substrates at varied substrate temperatures of 563-703°K. Deposition conditions were optimized to obtain best quality films and effect of post deposition thermal processing of the as-deposited films under H2S ambient were investigated. Structural, morphological, and compositional characterization of as-deposited and H2S treated CZTS absorber layers were carried out by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). Optical and electrical properties were measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy, van der Pauw, and Hall-effect measurements. Films grown at ∼360°C substrate temperature showed superior optoelectronic properties, improved stoichiometry and smoother morphology compared to films grown at much higher or lower temperatures. Film properties were significantly improved after the H2S processing. Our results show that large area high quality CZTS films can be fabricated by low-cost spray pyrolysis technique for high throughput commercial production of CZTS based heterojunction solar cells.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Tao, C. S., Jiang, J. and Tao, M., Solar Energy Mater. & Solar Cells. 95, 31763180, 2011 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, P., Hariskos, D., Lotter, E., Paetel, S., Wuerz, R., Menner, R., Wischmann, W. and Powalla, M., Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 19, 894897, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, M. A., Emery, K., Hishikawa, Y., Warta, W. and Dunlop, E. D., Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 20, 606614, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, K.. Gunawan, O., Todorov, T., Shin, B., Chey, S. J., Bojarczuk, A., Mitzi, D. and Guha, S., Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 143508 (1-3), 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guo, Q., Ford, G. M., Yang, W.-C., Walker, B. C., Stach, E. A., Hillhouse, H. W. and Agrawal, R., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 1738417386, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Todorov, T. K., Tang, J., Bag, S., Gunawan, O., Gokmen, T., Zhu, Y. and Mitzi, D. B., Adv. Energy Mater. 3, 3438, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ito, K. and Nakazawa, T., Jpn. J. of Appl. Phys. 27, 20942097, 1988.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Araki, H., Mikaduki, A., Kubo, Y., Sato, T., Jimbo, K., Maw, W. S., Katagiri, H., Yamazaki, M., Oishi, K. and Takeuchi, A., Thin Solid Films. 517, 14571460, 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Momose, N., Htay, M. T., Yudasaka, T., Igarashi, S., Seki, T., Iwano, S., Hashimoto, Y. and Ito, K., Jpn. J. of Appl. Phys. 50, 01BA02, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakamaya, N. and Ito, K., Appl. Surf. Sci. 92, 171175, 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamoun, N., Bouzouita, H. and Rezig, B., Thin Solid Films. 515, 59495952, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, Y. B. K., Babu, G. S., Bhaskar, P. U. and Raja, V. S., Physica Stat. Solidi A. 207, 149156, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rajeshmon, V. G., Kartha, C. S., Vijayakumar, K. P., Sanjeeviraja, C., Abe, T. and Kashiwaba, Y., Solar Energy. 85, 249255, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scragg, J. J., Dale, P. J. and Peter, L.M, Thin Solid Films. 517, 24812484, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandes, P. A., Saloméa, P. M. P. and da Cunha, A. F., J. Alloys and Compounds. 509, 76007606, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar