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Environment Sensitive Embedding Energies of Impurities, and Grain Boundary Relaxation in Iron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 February 2011

Genrich L. Krasko
Genrich L. Krasko*
Affiliation:
Metals Research Branch, SLCMT-EMM, U. S. Army Materials Technology Laboratory, Watertown, MA 02172–0001
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Abstract

Impurities, such as H, P, S, B, etc, have a very low solubility in iron, and therefore prefer to segregate at the grain boundaries (GBs). In order to analyze the energetics of the impurities on the iron GB, the LMTO calculations were performed on a simple 8-atom supercel 1 emulating a typical (capped trigonal prism) GB environment. The so-called “environment-sensitive embedding energies” were calculated for H, B, C, N, O, Al, Si, P, and S, as a function of the electron charge density due to the host atoms at the impurity site. It was shown that, at the electron charge density typical of a GB, B and C have the lowest energy among the analyzed impurities, and thus would compete with them for the site on the GB, tending to push the other impurities off the GB. The above energies were then used in a modified Finnis-Sinclair embedded atom approach for calculating the equilibrium interplanar distances in the vicinity of a (111) σ3 tilt GB plane, both for the clean GB and that with an impurity. These distances were found to be oscillating, returning to the equilibrium spacing between (111) planes in bulk BCC iron by the 10th-12th plane off the GB plane. H, B, C, N and O actually dampen the deformation wave (making the oscillation amplitudes less than in the clean GB), while, Al, Si, P and S result in an increase of the oscillations. The effect of B, C, N and O may be interpreted as cohesion enhancement; this conclusion supports our earlier first-principles results [1] on B and C.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 238: Symposium Cb – Structure and Properties of Interfaces in Materials , 1991 , 481
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1992

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