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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 February 2011
Si/SiGe heterostructures offer improved performance for many electronic and optoelectronic Si devices. The expected improvement in device characteristics depends critically on the structural perfection and precise compositional control of the epitaxial layers. This implies a combination of abrupt interfaces, on the order of 10 Å, capability of maintaining high doping levels, in the 1019 cm−3 range, with a similar spatial resolution, and low density of electrically active defects. These requirements are particularly stringent in the case of Ge-rich alloys for which the critical layer thicknesses are below ∼100 Å. The desired characteristics can be obtained by low temperature techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition (RTCVD).