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Effects of Cu and Si Dopants on Electromigration Mass Transport in Al Interconnects for VLSI

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

C. H. Lee ,
P. L. Fejes ,
B. R. York ,
S. A. Elwell ,
R. O. Carnes ,
J. Y. Lee ,
G. M. Grivna ,
S. W. Bauguess ,
M. L. Dreyer  and
S. R. Edwards
C. H. Lee
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
P. L. Fejes
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
B. R. York
Affiliation:
IBM, 5600 Cottle Rd., San Jose, CA 95193
S. A. Elwell
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
R. O. Carnes
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
J. Y. Lee
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
G. M. Grivna
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
S. W. Bauguess
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
M. L. Dreyer
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
S. R. Edwards
Affiliation:
Motorola, 5005 E. McDowell Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85008
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Abstract

We have investigated the effects of Cu and Si dopants on electromigration mass transport in Al interconnects for VLSI technology. Four Al alloys with different Cu and Si dopant concentrations (AI-1.5%Cu, AI-1.5%Cu-I.5%Si, AI-0.5%Cu-I.0%Si, and AI-I.O%Cu-I.0%Si) were sputter deposited onto Si substrates covered with 0.55 pRm of Si02 (tetraethylorthosilicate). All metal films were deposited using an MRC903 sputter deposition system to a thickness of 6800Å. Deposition parameters were held constant for each metallurgy, with a base pressure of 7x 10−2 torr, deposition pressure of 102 torr, forward power of 7 Kwatts, and substrate bias of 125 volts. Test structures designed according to National Institute of Standards design guidelines were fabricated in each metallurgy using conventional photolithography and reactive ion etching methods for line widths of 1.0, 1.8, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 μm. Accelerated test conditions of T=200°C and DC current density of 2x106 A/cm−2 were used. The results show that electromigration resistance increases with increasing Cu content and decreases as Si content increases. These results are explained in terms of precipitate, grain size distribution, orientation and stress by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Our results provide a general guideline relating Cu and Si dopant concentrations, film microstructure and the intrinsic reliability of the metallization system.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 403: Symposium I – Polycrystalline Thin Films: Structure, Texture, Properties and Applications II , 1995 , 507
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1996

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