Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T15:24:37.809Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Carbon ARC Generation of C60

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2011

R. E. Haufler ,
Y. Chai ,
L. P. F. Chibante ,
J. Conceicao ,
Changming Jin ,
Lai-Sheng Wang ,
Shigeo Maruyama  and
R. E. Smalley
R. E. Haufler
Affiliation:
Robert A. Welch Foundation Predoctoral Fellow.
Y. Chai
Affiliation:
Robert A. Welch Foundation Predoctoral Fellow.
L. P. F. Chibante
Affiliation:
Robert A. Welch Foundation Predoctoral Fellow.
J. Conceicao
Affiliation:
Robert A. Welch Foundation Predoctoral Fellow.
Changming Jin
Affiliation:
Robert A. Welch Foundation Predoctoral Fellow.
Lai-Sheng Wang
Affiliation:
Rice Quantum Institute and Departments of Chemistry and PhysicsRice University Houston, Texas 77251
Shigeo Maruyama
Affiliation:
RQI Visiting Fellow, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunko-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan.
R. E. Smalley
Affiliation:
Rice Quantum Institute and Departments of Chemistry and PhysicsRice University Houston, Texas 77251
Get access

Abstract

Generation of C60 at a rate of more than 10 grams per day has been accomplished by operation of a carbon arc in an atmosphere of helium. Optimum yield of 15% was found to occur near 100–200 torr, but yields greater than 3% were found throughout the range between 50 and 760 torr. A model is proposed to explain the observed behavior based on competition between annealing of graphitic sheets to curve so that they minimize dangling bonds, and further rapid growth of these sheets in the gas phase to form giant fullerenes. In agreement with predictions of this model, laser vaporization of graphite targets was found to produce macroscopic quantities of C60 only when performed in an oven above 1000 C.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 206: Symposium G – Clusters and Cluster-Assembled Materials , 1990 , 627
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Haufler, R. E., Conceicao, J., Chibante, L. P. F., Chai, Y., Byrne, N. E., Flanagan, S., Haley, M. M., O’Brien, S. C., Pan, C., Xiao, Z., Billups, W. E., Ciufolini, M. A., Hauge, R. H., Margrave, J. L., Wilson, L. J., Curl, R. F., and Smalley, R. E., J. Phys. Chem. 94, 8634 (1990).Google Scholar
2. Kroto, H. W., Heath, J. R., O’Brien, S. C., Curl, R. F., and Smalley, R. E., Nature, 318, 162 (1985).Google Scholar
3. Heath, J. R., O’Brien, S. C., Zhang, Q.. Liu, Y., Curl, R. F., Kroto, H. W., Tittel, F. K. and Smalley, R. E., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 107, 7779 (1985).Google Scholar
4. Zhang, Q. L., O’Brien, S. C., Heath, J. R., Liu, Y., Curl, R. F., Kroto, H. W., and Smalley, R. E., J. Phys. Chem. 90, 525 (1986).Google Scholar
5. Curl, R. F. and Smalley, R. E., Science 242, 1017 (1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. R. E. Smalley "Supersonic Carbon Cluster Beams" in Atomic and Molecular Clusters. Bernstein, E. R., editor, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Vol. 68, Elsevier Science, 1–68 (1990).Google Scholar
7. Osawa, E., Kagaku 25, 854 (1970).Google Scholar
8. Bochvar, D. A. and Gal'pern, E. G., Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 209, 239 (1973.Google Scholar
9. Essays on Cellular Automata. Burks, A. W., editor (University of Illinois Press, Urbana, 1970).Google Scholar
10. Pitzer, K. S. and Clementi, E., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 4477 (1959).Google Scholar
11. Maruyama, S., Lee, M. Y., Haufler, R. E., Chai, Y., and Smalley, R. E., Physik, Z. D, in press.Google Scholar
12. Kratschmer, W., Fostiropolous, K., and Huffman, D. R., Chem. Phys. Lett. 170, 167 (1990).Google Scholar
13. Kratschmer, W., Lamb, L. D., Fostiropolous, K., and Huffman, D. R., Nature 347, 354 (1990).Google Scholar
14. Rohlfing, E. A., Cox, D. M., and Kaldor, A., J. Chem. Phys. 81, 3322 (1984).Google Scholar
15. Meijer, G., and Bethune, D. S., J. Chem. Phys. 93, 7800 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Gerhardt, Ph., Loffler, S., and Homann, K. H., Chem. Phys. Lett. 137, 306 (1987).Google Scholar
17. Gerhardt, Ph., Loffler, S. and Homann, K. H., Twenty-Second Symposium (International) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute (1988), pp 395–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Hwu, S., unpublished results.Google Scholar
19. see, for example, Luckiesh, M., Artificial Light (Century Co Publishers, New York, 1920).Google Scholar
20. Kroto, H. W., and McKay, K., Nature 331, 328 (1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Kroto, H. W., Science 242, 1139 (1988).Google Scholar