Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T21:52:24.116Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Music and materials: Art and science of organ pipe metal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2017

Catherine M. Oertel  and
Annette Richards
Catherine M. Oertel
Affiliation:
Oberlin College, USA; [email protected]
Annette Richards
Affiliation:
Cornell University, USA; [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Historical pipe organs offer rich insights into the relationships between materials and music in the past, and they represent a laboratory for contemporary materials science. Recent cross-disciplinary research has explored problems of conservation and corrosion in old organ pipes. The ability of some notable European Baroque organs to produce sound is threatened by atmospheric corrosion of their lead-tin alloy pipes. Organic acids emitted from the wood of organ cases are corrosive agents for lead-rich pipes. Laboratory exposure experiments were used to study the roles of humidity and alloy composition in the susceptibility to organic acid attack. The rates of growth, as well as the compositions and morphologies of the corrosion products were studied using gravimetry, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy of surfaces and cross sections. This interdisciplinary project provides one model for the interplay of scientific and humanities research in addressing materials problems in cultural heritage.

Keywords

corrosionalloyscanning electron microscopycrystallographic structureart
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 42 , Issue 1: Material Functionalities from Molecular Rigidity , January 2017 , pp. 55 - 61
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Snyder, K., Ed., The Organ As a Mirror of Its Time: North European Reflections, 1610–2000 (Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 2002).Google Scholar
Speerstra, J., Ed., The North German Organ Research Project at Göteborg University (GOArt Publications, Göteborg, Sweden, 2003).Google Scholar
Thistlethwhaite, N., Webber, G., Eds., The Cambridge Companion to the Organ (Cambridge University Press, New York, 1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barbieri, P., Organ Yearb. 30, 7 (2001).Google Scholar
Fisk, C.B., “Some Thoughts on Pipe Metal,” in American Organist 21, 73 (1978).Google Scholar
Friesel, M., Karlsson, B., GOArt Res. Rep. 1, 51 (1999).Google Scholar
Barbieri, P., Organ Yearb. 32, 7 (2003).Google Scholar
Speerstra, J., Ed., The COLLAPSE Project: Corrosion of Organ Pipes—Causes and Recommendations (GOArt Publications, Göteborg, Sweden, 2011).Google Scholar
Chiavari, C., Martini, C., Poli, G., Prandstraller, D., J. Mater. Sci. 41, 1819 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niklasson, A., Johansson, L.-G., Svensson, J.-E., J. Electrochem. Soc. 152, B519 (2005).Google Scholar
Oertel, C.M., Baker, S.P., Niklasson, A., Johansson, L.-G., Svensson, J.-E., J. Electrochem. Soc. 156, C414 (2009).Google Scholar
Oertel, C.M., Baker, S.P., Niklasson, A., Johansson, L.-G., Svensson, J.-E., “Focused-Ion Beam and Electron Microscopy Analysis of Corrosion of Lead-Tin Alloys: Applications to Conservation of Organ Pipes,” Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1047, Vandiver, P., Casadio, F., McCarthy, B., Tykot, R.H., Sil, J.L.R., Eds. (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA, 2008), pp. Y05–01.Google Scholar
Niklasson, A., Langer, S., Arrhenius, K., Rosell, L., Bergsten, C.J., Johansson, L.-G., Svensson, J.-E., Stud. Conserv. 53, 24 (2008).Google Scholar
Kwestroo, W., Langereis, C., J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 27, 2533 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mauck, C.M., van den Heuvel, T.W.P., Hull, M.M., Zeller, M., Oertel, C.M., Inorg. Chem. 49, 10736 (2010).Google Scholar
Niklasson, A., Johansson, L.-G., Svensson, J.-E., Corros. Sci. 50, 3031 (2008).Google Scholar
Giorgi, R., Chelazzi, D., Fratini, E., Langer, S., Niklasson, A., Rademar, M., Svensson, J.-E., Baglioni, P., J. Cult. Herit. 10, 206 (2009).Google Scholar
Bergsten, C.J., Odlyha, M., Jakiela, S., Slater, J., Cavicchioli, A., de Faria, D.L.A., Niklasson, A., Svensson, J.-E., Bratasz, L., Camuffo, D., della Valle, A., Baldini, F., Falciai, I., Mencaglia, A., Senesi, F., Theodorakopoulous, C., e-Preserv. Sci. 7, 116 (2010).Google Scholar