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Fabrication of Hollow Metal Microneedle Arrays Using a Molding and Electroplating Method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2019

Philip R Miller ,
Matthew Moorman ,
Ryan D Boehm ,
Steven Wolfley ,
Victor Chavez ,
Justin T. Baca ,
Carlee Ashley ,
Igal Brener ,
Roger J Narayan  and
Ronen Polsky
Philip R Miller
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A.
Matthew Moorman
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A.
Ryan D Boehm
Affiliation:
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina27695-7115, U.S.A.
Steven Wolfley
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A.
Victor Chavez
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A.
Justin T. Baca
Affiliation:
University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, U.S.A. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM87131, U.S.A.
Carlee Ashley
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A. University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, U.S.A. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM87131, U.S.A. Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina27695-7115, U.S.A.
Igal Brener
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A.
Roger J Narayan*
Affiliation:
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina27695-7115, U.S.A.
Ronen Polsky
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A.
*
*(Email: [email protected])
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Abstract:

The need for hollow microneedle arrays is important for both drug delivery and wearable sensor applications; however, their fabrication poses many challenges. Hollow metal microneedle arrays residing on a flexible metal foil substrate were created by combining additive manufacturing, micromolding, and electroplating approaches in a process we refer to as electromolding. A solid microneedle with inward facing ledge was fabricated with a two photon polymerization (2PP) system utilizing laser direct write (LDW) and then molded with polydimethylsiloxane. These molds were then coated with a seed layer of Ti/Au and subsequently electroplated with pulsed deposition to create hollow microneedles. An inward facing ledge provided a physical blocking platform to restrict deposition of the metal seed layer for creation of the microneedle bore. Various ledge sizes were tested and showed that the resulting seed layer void could be controlled via the ledge length. Mechanical properties of the PDMS mold was adjusted via the precursor ratio to create a more ductile mold that eliminated tip damage to the microneedles upon removal from the molds. Master structures were capable of being molded numerous times and molds were able to be reused. SEM/EDX analysis showed that trace amounts of the PDMS mold were transferred to the metal microneedle upon removal. The microneedle substrate showed a degree of flexibility that withstood over 100 cycles of bending from side to side without damaging. Microneedles were tested for their fracture strength and were capable of puncturing porcine skin and injecting a dye.

Keywords

3D printingsensor
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 4 , Issue 24: Processing and Manufacturing , 2019 , pp. 1417 - 1426
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2019 

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