Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T06:08:11.055Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Development of a Low-cost Biomedical Device to Enhance Pneumonia Diagnosis in Children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2020

E. Mhandu  and
Y. Danyuo
E. Mhandu
Affiliation:
Ashesi University, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Berekuso, Ghana
Y. Danyuo*
Affiliation:
Ashesi University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Berekuso, Ghana
*
*Corresponding Author: Email: [email protected], Mobile: +233550505434.
Get access

Abstract

Pneumonia has contributed greatly to child mortality, especially among children under the ages of five in sub-Saharan Africa, killing more children than the number of children dying from HIV/AIDS. The current methods of diagnosing pneumonia involved physical examination and chest x-ray which are limited by low accuracy, high error margins, higher cost, and stands the risks of inducing cancer. In this work, a low-cost, non-invasive biomedical device was designed and developed to improve accuracy in diagnosing pneumonia. The device functions to detect fluid in a lung consolidated by pneumonia. Dry grouting sponge was used as a phantom for a healthy lung, while a wet sponge was used to mimic a pneumonia-consolidated lung. Surface exciter was used to produce sound waves which travelled through one side of the phantom and are detected on the other end using an electronic stethoscope. The signals detected were digitally analyzed using MATLAB and AUDACITY software. The differences in resonant frequencies from the power spectrum analysis of sound waves as they travelled through the sponges were used to distinguish between a pneumonia-consolidated lung and a healthy lung.

Keywords

biomedicaldevicesmembranesensorsimulation
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 5 , Issue 26: African Materials Research Society 2019 , 2020 , pp. 1367 - 1375
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References:

Lynne, E. and Doru, P.Function and Disorders of the Aveoli. Verywell Health (2019).Google Scholar
Hecht, M. and Falck, S.The Alveoli in Your Lungs. Healthline (2018).Google Scholar
World Health Organization (WHO). Pneumonia. (2018).Google Scholar
American Lung Association (ALA). What Causes Pneumonia? (2018).Google Scholar
Niilo, R. I. R., Mäkikyrö, E. M. S., Antikainen, H., Junttila, J. M., Hookana, E., Ikäheimo, T. M., Kortelainen, M-L., Heikki, V. H. and Jaakkola, J.J. K.Cold spells and ischaemic sudden cardiac death: effect modification by prior diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease and cardioprotective medication. Scientific Report. 7:41060 (2017).Google Scholar
European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practical Guidelines on the management of acute (fulminant) liver failure. J. of Hepatology.Google Scholar
Tong, N.. Priority Medicines for Europe and the World. "A Public Health Approach to Innovation". (2013).Google Scholar
Kelsberg, G. and Safranek, S.. How accurate is the clinical diagnosis of pneumonia? Clinical Inquiries. J. Fam Pract. 52(1) (2003) 63-73.Google ScholarPubMed
Bouzakine, T. A., Carey, R. M., Taranhike, G. N., Eder, T. J. and Shonat, R. D.Distinguishing between asthma and pneumonia through automated lung sound analysis. Proceedings of the IEEE 31st Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, 2005., Hoboken, NJ, 2005, pp. 241-243.Google Scholar
Newman, T. and William, M. M. X-ray exposure: How safe are X-rays? Medical News Today (2018).Google Scholar
Do, H. and Lee, S.A Low-Cost Training Phantom for Lung Ultrasonography. Chest, Vol. 150(6) (2016)1417-1419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tuhebwe, D., Tumushabe, E., Leontsini, E.Wanyenze, R. K.Pneumonia among children under five in Uganda: symptom recognition and actions taken by caretakers. African Health Sciences. Vol.14 (4) (2014) 993-999.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization (WHO). World Health Statistics. Geneva 2007. Panafrican Med Journal (2007).Google Scholar
Källander, K., Hildenwall, H., Waiswa, P., Galiwango, E., Peterson, S. and Pariyo, G.Delayed care seeking for fatal pneumonia in children aged under five years in Uganda a case-series study. Bull World Health Organ. 86(5) (2008) 332-338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rao, A., Ruiz, J., Bao, C. and Tabla, Roy S.: An acoustic device designed for low cost pneumonia detection. 2017 IEEE Healthcare Innovations and Point of Care Technologies (HIPOCT), Bethesda, MD (2017) 172-175.Google Scholar
Gupta, D, Agarwa, R.l, Aggarwal, A. N., Singh, N., Mishra, N., Khilnani, G.C., Samaria, J.K., Gaur, S.N. and Jinda, S.K.Guidelines for diagnosis and management of community and hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults: Joint ICS/NCCP(I) recommendations. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 54 (2012) 267-281.Google Scholar
Ryu, J.How Many Chest X-Rays Are Enough? When Should I Order Imaging Studies, and Which Studies Should Be Done? Healio.com. (2018).Google Scholar
Rippey, J. and Gawthrope, I.Creating thoracic phantoms for diagnostic and procedural ultrasound training. Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Vol. 15(2) (2012) 43-54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guarino, J. Auscultation percussion: A new aid in the examination of the chest. The Journal of Kansas Medical Society. 75(6) (1974) 193-194.Google ScholarPubMed
Guarino, J. Auscultatory percussion of the chest. The Lancet. 315(8182) (1980) 1332-1334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wipf, J.E., Lipsky, B.A., Hirschmann, J.V., Boyko, E.J.; Takasugi, J., Peugeot, R.L., Davis, C.L.Diagnosing pneumonia by physical examination: Relevant or relic? Arch. Intern. Med. 159 (1999) 1082-1087.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walker, H., Hall, W. and Hurst, J.Clinical methods. Boston: Butterworths (1990).Google ScholarPubMed
Rao, A., Ruiz, J., Bao, C. and Tabla, Roy S.: An acoustic device designed for low cost pneumonia detection. 2017 IEEE Healthcare Innovations and Point of Care Technologies (HI-POCT), Bethesda, MD. (2017) 172-175.Google Scholar
Peng, Y., Dai, Z., Mansy, H., Sandler, R., Balk, R.and Royston, T.Sound transmission in the chest under surface excitation: an experimental and computational study with diagnostic applications. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. Vol. 52(8) (2014) 695-706.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Papagiannis, A., Lazaridis, G., Zarogoulidis, K., Papaiwannou, A., Karavergou, A., Lampaki, S., Baka, S., Mpoukovinas, I., Karavasilis, V., Kioumis, I., Pitsiou, G., Katsikogiannis, N., Tsakiridis, K., Rapti, A., Trakada, G., Karapantzos, I., Karapantzou, C., Zissimopoulos, A., Zarogoulidis, P.Pneumothorax: an up to date “introduction”. Ann Transl. Med. 3(4) (2015) 53.Google ScholarPubMed
Yernault, J. and Bohadana, A.Chest percussion, European Respiratory Journal. 8(10) (1995) 1756-1760.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salllen, R.P. and Key, E.L.A practical method of designing RC Active Filters. IRE Transactions on Circuit Theory. CT- 2 (1999) 74-85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hank, S., with the engineering staff of Analog Devices. Linear Circuit Design Handbook (2008) 581-679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar