Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T12:50:45.507Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Design and Fabrication of Polymer Layered Silicate Nanocomposites for Water Purification

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2018

Damaris W Mbui ,
Dickson M Andala ,
Deborah A Abong’o  and
John N Mmbaga
Damaris W Mbui*
Affiliation:
University of Nairobi (Department of Chemistry, College of Biological & Physical Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya)
Dickson M Andala
Affiliation:
Multi- Media University of Kenya (Department of Chemistry, Nairobi, Kenya)
Deborah A Abong’o
Affiliation:
University of Nairobi (Department of Chemistry, College of Biological & Physical Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya)
John N Mmbaga
Affiliation:
University of Nairobi (Department of Chemistry, College of Biological & Physical Sciences, Nairobi, Kenya)
*
*Corresponding Author: Dr. Damaris Mbui ([email protected])
Get access

Abstract

Zeolite and cellulose-acetate nanocomposites were fabricated in this study using a combination of melt blending and solution mixing. The nanocomposites were optimized for heavy metal adsorption using spiked lead and cadmium solutions. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Powder X-Ray diffraction crystallography were used for physical characterization. Fourier Transform Infrared spectra showed a reduction of the hydroxyl peak for cellulose acetate and that of the residual silanol group for zeolites symbolizing bonding during nanocomposite formation. Scanning Electron Microscope results showed an increase in voids with zeolite loading in the nanocomposites, a useful characteristic of good adsorbents. Powder X-ray diffraction crystallography results showed a reduction in 2 theta values for the nanocomposites due to penetration of the polymer into the silicate lattice e.g. zeolite 2 theta peak at 7.44° reduced to 7.09° in the nanocomposites signifying an increase in crystal lattice d- spacing from 1.188 nm to 1.247 nm. The nanocomposites adsorbed a maximum of 97.20% lead ions and 85.06% cadmium ions from solution.

Keywords

adsorptionzeoliteintercalationPbCd
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 3 , Issue 36: African Materials Research Society 2017 , 2018 , pp. 2099 - 2107
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Friedman., J. R., Ashton, W. B., and Rapoport, R. D. A review of the global emissions, transport and effects of heavy metals in the environment. Report PNL-SA-22394; OrderNo.DE93016817. (1993) . Richland, WA.Google Scholar
Lindqvist, O.. Environmental impact of mercury and other heavy metals. J. Power Sources 57: 3–7 (1995)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagajyoti, P. C., Lee, K. D. and Sreekanth, T. V. M. Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review. Environ.Chem.Lett.8: 199–216 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliveira, S. C. B., Corduneanu, O., Oliveira-Brett, M. A. In situ evaluation of heavy metal–DNA interactions using an electrochemical DNA biosensor. Bioelectrochemistry 72: 53–58 (2008)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bellinger, D. C. & Bellinger, A. M. Childhood lead poisoning: the torturous path from science to policy. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 116(4):853–857 (2006).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landrigan, P. J.. Toxicity of lead at low dose. British Journal of Industrial Medicine, 46(9):593–596 (1989).Google ScholarPubMed
Jarup, L. M., Berglund, C. G., Elinder, , Nordberg, G and Vahter, M. Health effects of Cadmium exposure- a review of the literature and a risk estimate. Scand. J. Work. Environ. Health. 24:1:51 (1998)Google Scholar
WHO. Cadmium- environmental aspects. Environmental Health Criteria 135. World Health Organisation, International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS), (1992). Geneva, Switzerland.Google Scholar
Waalkes, P. M. Cadmium Carcinogenesis in review. Jour. Inorganic Biochemistry. 79: 240–244 (2000).Google Scholar
Rozic, M., Cerjan-Stefanovic, S., Kurajika, S., Vanica, V., Hodzic, E. Ammoniacal nitrogen removal from water by treatment with clays and zeolites. Water Res. 34(14): 3675–3681 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mäurer, T. and Czarnetzki, B. Effect of Electrolyte Addition on the Colloidal Stability of Aqueous Zeolite Sols. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 84(9): 2550–2556 (2001).3.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ulosoy, U. and Simsek, S. Lead removal by polyacrylamide- bentonite and zeolite composites: effect of phytic acid immobilization. J. Hazard. Mater. B. 127: 163–171 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, R. A. & Scott, T. B. Nanoscale zero-valent Iron: Future prospects for an emerging water treatment technology. J. Hazard. Mater.211–212: 112-125 (2012).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nurmi, J. T., Tratnyek, P. G., Sarathy, V., Baer, B. R.., Amonette, J. E., Pecher, K., Wang, C., Linehan, J. C.., Matson, D. W.., Penn, R. L.., Driessen, M. D. Environ. Sci. &Technol.39: 1221 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, S. M., Jia, N., Zhu, F. J.., Maa, M. G., Sun, R. C. Synthesis of cellulose–calcium silicate nanocomposites in ethanol/water mixed solvents and their characterization. Carbohydrate Polymers80: 270–275 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexandre, M. & Dubois, P. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials. Materials Science and Engineering. 28:1–63 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mthombo, T. S., Mishra, A. K., Mishra, S. B. and Mamba, B. B. The adsorption behavior of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Co(II) of ethylene vinyl acetate-clinoptilolite nanocomposites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 121: 3414–3424 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamidpour, M., Kalbasi, M., Afyuni, M., and Shariatmadari, H. Kinetic and isothermal studies of cadmium sorption onto bentonite and zeolite. Int. Agrophys., 24: 253–259 (2010).Google Scholar
Buasri, A., Chaiyut, N., Phattarasirichot, N., Yongbut, P. and Nammueng, L. Use of Natural Clinoptilolite for the Removal of Lead (II) from Wastewater in Batch Experiment. Chiang Mai J. Sci. 35(3): 447–456 (2008).Google Scholar
Zhang, S. Q. and Hou, W. G. Adsorption behavior of Pb(II) on montmorillonite. Coll. Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects. 320: 92–97 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaya, A. and Ören, A. H. Adsorption of zinc from aqueous solutions to the bentonite. J. Hazard. Mater.,125: 183-189 (2005).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wingenfelder, U., Hansen, C., Furrer, G. and Schulin, R. Removal of Heavy Metals from Mine Waters by Natural Zeolites. Environ. Sci. Technol.39: 4606-4613 (2005).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed