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Hollow Microcapsules Through Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Chitosan/Alginate on E. coli

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2020

Michael Y. Yitayew  and
Maryam Tabrizian
Michael Y. Yitayew
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4Canada
Maryam Tabrizian
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4Canada Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 Avenue McGill College, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1Canada
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Abstract

Hollow microcapsules prepared via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled polyelectrolytes are prevalent biomaterials in the synthesis of biocompatible delivery systems for drugs, imaging probes, and other macromolecules to control biodistribution and lower toxicity in vivo. The use of LbL self-assembly for the synthesis of these capsules provides several benefits including ease of fabrication, abundance in choice of substrates and coating material, as well as application-specific tunability. This study explores the development of hollow microcapsules by LbL assembly of chitosan and alginate onto live E. coli cells, and also provides a proof-of-concept of this capsule as a delivery platform through the encapsulation of quantum dots as a cargo. The study found that robust bilayers of chitosan/alginate can be formed onto the core substrate (E. coli) containing quantum dots as demonstrated with zeta potential analysis. Confocal microscopy was used to verify cell viability and the internalization of quantum dots into the cells as well as confirmation of the coating using fluorescein-labelled chitosan. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyse cells coated with four-bilayers and showed a uniform coating morphology with a capsule thickness of 10-20 nm, which increased to 20-50 nm for hollow capsules after cell lysis. Quantum dot retention in the capsules was demonstrated using fluorescence measurements. Overall, the study shows promising results of a novel fabrication method for hollow microcapsules that uses biocompatible polymers and mild core dissolution conditions using cell templates with applications in sustained release of therapeutics and imaging probes.

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Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 5 , Issue 46-47: Soft Materials and Biomaterials , 2020 , pp. 2401 - 2407
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Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2020

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